Materials Literature
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The solution and solid-state structures of lanthanide complexes of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetryltetramethylenetetra(benzylphosphinate), L1a, and of its o-, m- and p-methoxybenzyl analogues (L2, L3, L4) have been investigated by NMR, relaxometry, crystallographic and photophysical methods. It has been…
In this paper, we present a new electromigration reliability diagnosis tool (iTEM) for CMOS VLSI circuits. Unlike previous electromigration reliability tools, iTEM can estimate the interconnect temperature rise due to joule heating and heat conduction from the substrate using a newly developed lumped thermal model. By…
A series of new layered inorganic−organic nanocomposites, with organic functionalities directly bonded to an inorganic framework via the Si−C bond, were prepared by a template sol−gel synthesis. These layered Al− and Mg−silsesquioxanes were precipitated at room temperature by addition of aqueous base to an alcohol sol…
Thin epitaxial BaTiO 3 (BTO) films having a high crystallinity and uniformity of grains were deposited on the SrTiO 3 (STO) substrates. When the oxygen pressure is from 0.04 to 70 Pa the lattice constant decreases from 4.1100 to 3.9972 Å and the orientation normal to the substrate changes from (001) to (100). The surf…
Type X collagen is a transient and developmentally regulated collagen that has been postulated to be involved in controlling the later stages of endochondral bone formation. However, the role of this collagen in these events is not yet known. In order to understand the function of type X collagen, if any, in the proce…
Abstract The non‐parallel chain structure determined for γ‐phase isotactic polypropylene (γ‐iPP) is confirmed by Rietveld analysis for highly isotactic high molecular mass iPP crystallized at 200 MPa. The new refinement shows that: (i) stereoregularity or crystallization pressure do not significantly influence the lat…
A method of improving the efficiency of thermoelectric energy conversion by utilizing potential barriers is considered. Since potential barriers act as carrier energy filters, elimination of lower energy carriers results in an improvement of the efficiency of thermoelectric energy conversion (energy filtering method).…
Flame-retarded epoxy composites and phenolic composites containing fiberglass, aramid (Kevlar® 49), and graphite fiber-reinforcements were tested using the NASA upward flame propagation test, the controlled-atmosphere cone calorimeter test, and the liquid oxygen (LOX) mechanical impact test. The upward flame propagati…
Following a prepolymer mixing process, polyurethane (PU) anionomer dispersions were prepared from polyethylene adipate glycol (PEA), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as a potential ionic centre. Effects of prepolymer molecular weight, PEA molecular w…
The photochemical reduction of CO2 at a TiO2 surface in the presence of H2O has been investigated. CO, CH4, H2, and some higher hydrocarbons CnHm, attributed to C2H6, could be detected as photoproducts by mass spectrometry. No oxidation products of H2O could be found. The temperature dependence of the reaction was inv…
Among many transition-metal oxides, zirconium oxide is found to be active for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide with hydrogen in the gas phase.
A novel phase of nickel hydroxide with an average interlayer spacing 5.4–5.6 Å has been synthesized which is neither α nor β type but is an interstratification of both. It ages to the β form in strong alkali. These observations have implications on the dissolution–reprecipitation mechanism suggested for the α→β transf…
A model for predicting the flashover voltage of ice-covered insulators energized with AC voltage is presented in this paper. The model takes into account the variation of ice surface conductivity as a function of freezing water conductivity. The effects of the length of the arc on its own characteristics, as well as t…
Experimental techniques. Part 1 C-Mn weld metals: Manganese and carbon Effects of welding process variables Effects of heat treatment Silicon and impurities Nitrogen and strain ageing. Part 2 Low alloy steel weld metals: Single additions: with varying manganese Elements in combination i?½ Cr-Mo. Part 3 High purity wel…
Rewritable full‐color recording is potentially technologically important but has not yet been realized. A cholesteric low‐molecular‐weight compound (see Figure) is presented that, in the form of a thin film, displays iridescent colors at room temperature (see the cover picture of this issue) that can be recorded and e…
A one-pot reaction of Ni II 1, Co II 2, Fe II 3 and Mn II 4 with 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) and azide in water leads to [M(bipy)(N 3 ) 2 ] n chains where the metal ion is alternatively bridged by double end-on (EO) and end-to-end (EE) azido bridges; theoretical analysis of the variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility…
The first observation of soft X-ray induced excited spin state trapping has been made for [Fe(phen)2(NCS)2] and [Fe(phen)2(NCSe)2] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) at ca. 45 K, analogous to light induced excited spin state trapping but at much higher energy. Soft X-ray photochemistry has also been observed in the high- an…
The Au/HY (4 wt.%) system, prepared by autoreduction of [Au(en)2]3+ in inert gas flow at 423 K, has been studied by TEM, 129Xe NMR and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. 80% of the metallic clusters were in the 1–4 nm size range, and the average linear diameter was found to be 2.6 nm. Some large…
Strontium substituted lanthanum manganites La1–xSrxMnO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.16, 0.2 and 0.3) have been prepared by a solution combustion process using lanthanum nitrate, strontium nitrate and manganese nitrate as oxidizers and oxalyl dihydrazide as fuel at 300 °C in a pre-heated muffle furnace. As-formed lanthanum manganites…
The structural and ground-state electronic properties of the layered orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO 3 ) have been investigated using a periodic boundary condition ab initio Hartree–Fock method. The effect of electron correlation is estimated with a posteriori density functional corrections to the total energy…