Materials Literature
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We report Raman scattering studies of the graphitization process in a series of carbons produced by the pyrolysis of saccharose and anthracene and then annealed at 1000, 1900 and 2300°C. Using 488 nm light, the first- and second-order Raman spectra of six samples have been examined in the range 50-4000cm−1. The low-fr…
The atomic structure of the Zn6Mg3Ho icosahedral quasicrystal has been studied by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with Z-contrast (Z: atomic number). We demonstrate that in particular Z-contrast imaging is quite powerful for specifying heavy atom positions in the qu…
Properties of sputtered polycrystalline Ni ferrite (NiO: Fe 2 O 3 ) films were studied in detail. All these films were sputtered on Al 2 O 3 polycrystalline substrates. The coercivity of the films drastically increased from 5 to 800 Oe as the deposition temperature was raised from 60 to 600°C. Polycrystalline ferrite…
A high-quality BaTiO 3 thin film on SrTiO 3 substrate was obtained by shutting off the oxygen supply during growth. Epitaxial growth of BaTiO 3 film was carried out with molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) under extremely low oxygen partial pressure ( p O 2 <1×10 -8 Pa). Although only Ba and Ti metals were supplied withou…
The phase boundaries of the solid phases of the Ni-Ta system at 1473 K, 1373 K and 1173 K were determined using the diffusion couple and EPMA techniques. The Ni-Ta binary system was then assessed by means of the CALPHAD method. Considering the crystallographic and the phase stability information, a new model. (Ni. Ta)…
We present simulations of the transmission and reflection of narrow-extent pulses incident upon a chiral sculptured thin film (STF) along its axis of spirality, when the circular Bragg phenomenon is excited. Even though the frequency-domain reflection and transmission spectrums of a sufficiently thick chiral STF slab…
A new method is described in which raw materials prepared by mixing kaolin and concentrated acid are heated in a furnace at temperatures between 100 and 700°C. Experiments with HCl, HNO3, H3PO4, and H2SO4 showed that only H2SO4 gave high reaction yields, which grew steadily as reaction temperature was raised. Reaction…
We have investigated the exchange of deuterium (or protium) implanted into an oxide ceramic, SrCe 0.95 Yb 0.05 O 3-δ , for protium (or deuterium) due to exposure to H 2 O (or D 2 O) vapor at room temperature by means of the elastic recoil detection (ERD) technique. It is found that D is completely exchanged for H by e…
The DC operation of surface-channel metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs) using p-type conductive layers on hydrogen-terminated diamond surfaces is investigated by two-dimensional device simulation. As a result, a model to describe the surface semiconducting layer, in which acceptors are distributed t…
The field‐activated sintering technique (FAST) was applied to simultaneously sinter and react sol–gel amorphous powders to form Al 2 TiO 5 . Densities close to theoretical and conversion to Al 2 TiO 5 (to 92.5%) have been achieved using FAST at 1050°–1200°C for 10 min. Conventional sintering of the same powders at 130…
The boundaries of the diamond deposition region in the C–H–O (Bachmann) atomic phase composition diagram have been reproduced successfully for 38 different C, H, and O containing gas mixtures using the CHEMKIN computer package, together with just two criteria—a minimum mole fraction of methyl radicals [CH3] and a limi…
X-ray reflectivity measurements reveal anisotropy of the vertical surface roughness caused by exposure to linearly polarized UV (LPUV) light in the films of two azopolymers. The irradiated surface is found to have higher roughness in the direction parallel to the direction of polarization than in the orthogonal direct…
Axial metal complexation was used in the organization of the cobalt(II) meso -tetra(trimethylsilylethynyl)porphyrin, CoPTMS, by the Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) technique or by self-assembly (SA). The axial ligand is a para-substituted pyridine that carries a long aliphatic chain, C18NHPy, in the case of the LB technique or…
A statistical model is introduced which allows estimation of the length distribution of meshes in a unimodal polymer network. The length distribution is responsible for the type and number of entanglements in a network and can thus provide information about the deformation behavior of polymers. The model can also pred…
Dangling bond defects in Si1−xGex alloy nanocrystals (nc-Si1−xGex) as small as 4 nm in diameter embedded in SiO2 thin films were studied by electron spin resonance (ESR), and the effects of the defects on photoluminescence (PL) properties were discussed. It was found that the ESR spectrum is a superposition of signals…
Many researchers have concluded that secondary or delayed ettringite is responsible for serious premature deterioration of concrete highways. In some poorly performing Iowa concretes, ettringite is the most common secondary mineral but its role in premature deterioration is uncertain since some researchers still maint…
Abstract Short‐contact‐time reactors have potential for high throughput in reactors much smaller than their traditional counterparts. While they operate adiabatically, heat can be exchanged at short contact time by integrating heat exchange into the reactor. Hot effluent of exothermic reaction systems can be redirecte…
Abstract As innovative means to recover actinides from irradiated fuels, pyrochemical processes are proposed. In the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), the feasibility of applying molten-salts processes to nitride fuels containing transuranium elements for transmutation is investigated. In the course of s…
Mechanical properties of as-deposited GeSbTe media on SiO 2 /Si(100) with different compositions and film thicknesses were successfully investigated by using the microcantilever method and nanoindentation. All the studied films show a compressive residual stress state, which increases proportionally to the elastic con…
In Part I of this study, we explained the method of producing a hollow yarn on a friction spinning machine and then considered its tensile properties. In this part of our study, we consider the structural properties of that yarn and the effect of axial and lateral forces on its structure, such as diameter changes, ell…