Materials Literature
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Three-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and phenanthrene (Phe) in particular, are the main pollutants found in the waste flue gases from organic material combustion in energy generation processes. Quantitatively, the most abundant gaseous contaminant emitted in these processes is CO 2 . Therefore, the aim…
Penta- and hexa-coordinated silicon is rare, occurring as a transient species in some glasses, nonaqueous organosilicon solutions and organosilicon gels such as silicone, and is stable at high pressures within the earth in dense phases such as stishovite. The stable form expected in aqueous solution is quadra-coordina…
Protein crystals crack when they are soaked in a solution with ionic strength sufficiently different from the environment in which they grew. It is demonstrated for the case of tetragonal lysozyme that the forces involved and the mechanisms that lead to the formation of cracks are different for hypertonic and hypotoni…
Abstract This article focuses on the mechanical and rheological properties of virgin and recycled high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) materials and describes our progress in evaluating the viability of reusing postconsumer and virgin polymer blends of HIPS from electronics equipment housings. Plastics reuse challenges are…
In the search for macromolecular crystallization conditions, the precipitant is probably the most important variable, such that when problematic crystals are encountered there is always the question of whether an alternative precipitant might resolve the problem. During an effort to obtain high-quality crystals of sev…
Magnetoresistance measurements on the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor $(\mathrm{TMTSF}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{PF}}_{6}$ performed in magnetic fields B up to 16 T, temperatures T down to 0.12 K and under pressures P up to 14 kbar have revealed new phases on its $P\ensuremath{-}B\ensuremath{-}T$ phase diagram. We found…
The nanoscale intergranular films that form in the sintering of ceramics often occur as adherent glassy phases separating the crystalline grains in the ceramic. Consequently, the properties of these films are often equal in importance to those of the constituent grains in determining the ceramic's properties. The meas…
Multilayer films comprised of a generation 3.0 dendrimer and NLO-active polyanion PAZO were formed by ionic self-assembly. The films were studied by UV−visible spectroscopy, single-wavelength ellipsometry, and second-harmonic generation. We show that the multilayer formation mechanism involves an initial adsorption of…
The polyvinylchloride (PVC) differs from other polymer materials by low thermostability. The process of dehydrochlorination takes place even at low temperatures. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of different PVC additives on formation of hydrogen chloride (HCl) from thermal degradation…
We study the transport of electrons in a Fibonacci magnetic superlattice produced on a two-dimensional electron gas modulated by parallel magnetic-field stripes arranged in a Fibonacci sequence. Both the transmission coefficient and conductance exhibit self similarity and the six-circle property. The presence of exten…
The crystallographic superstructures of the charge-orbital ordered phases were investigated for layered manganites, ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1+x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{4}$ $(x=2/3,$ 3/4), by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) at low temperature. Transverse and sinusoidal structural distortion g…
Monomer−dimer equilibrium of nitroso compounds was investigated in the solid state under cryogenic photochemical conditions. It was found that nitroso dimers can be UV-photolytically converted to nitroso monomers at 12 K, and reverted to dimers by visible light irradiation or warming above 170 K. Such a photothermal “…
Porphyrins bearing two external coordination sites allowed the stepwise preparation of polymetallic oligomers connected by metal centers.
Kinetic studies were performed with microperoxidase-8 (Fe(III)MP-8), the proteolytic breakdown product of horse heart cytochrome c containing an octapeptide linked to an iron protoporphyrin IX. Mn(III) was substituted for Fe(III) in Mn(III)MP-8. The mechanism of formation of the reactive metal-oxo and metal-hydroperox…
The solvent structure in the crystals of ten aspartic proteinases has been analyzed to find the possible roles of conserved water molecules in their structure and activity. 17 waters have been identified which are common to at least eight of the ten examined enzyme structures. These include the catalytic water molecul…
A versatile and simple method for preparing highly homogeneous iron-oxide-doped alumina nanosized powders of different compositions is described. The method consists of the hydrolysis with ammonium hydroxide of aluminum and iron nitrate aqueous solutions confined within the reverse micelle nanocavities of water-in-oil…
The crystal structure of the YrbI protein from Haemophilus influenzae (HI1679) was determined at a 1.67-A resolution. The function of the protein had not been assigned previously, and it is annotated as hypothetical in sequence databases. The protein exhibits the alpha/beta-hydrolase fold (also termed the Rossmann fol…
A method is presented to calculate efficiently small-angle neutron and X-ray solution scattering intensities from explicit-atom models of macromolecules and the surrounding solvent. The method is based on a multipole expansion of the scattering amplitude. It is particularly appropriate for extensive configurational av…
The magnetic susceptibility of the organic superconductors $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}(\mathrm{h}8\mathrm{}or\mathrm{}\mathrm{d}8\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{T}{)}_{2}X,$ $X=\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{NCS}{)}_{2}$ and $\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN}{)}_{2}]\mathrm{Br}$ has been studied. A metallic phase below $…
The chemical reaction of a hydrogenated diamond surface with the radical initiator benzoyl peroxide was performed in order to investigate the reactivity of the diamond surface. It was found that the hydrogen atoms on the diamond surface are abstracted by the radical species generated from benzoyl peroxide. The reactio…