Materials Literature
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We describe and demonstrate a new class of devices that enable direct thermal conductance measurements on monocrystalline nanostructures. These are possible through our newly developed techniques for three-dimensional, successive surface nanomachining of GaAs-based heterostructures. Our methods allow the patterning of…
The temperature ( $T$) dependent dc conductivity ( ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{DC}}$) (down to 20 mK) and dielectric function at optical frequencies (0.002--6 eV) and 6.5 GHz are used to probe the inhomogeneous disorder-driven insulator-metal transition in conducting polymers. A correlation between large low $T$ $…
A nucleation picture of magnetization switching in single-domain ferromagnetic nanoparticles with high local anisotropy is discussed. Relevant aspects of nucleation theory are presented, stressing the effects of the particle size on the switching dynamics. The theory is illustrated by Monte Carlo simulations and compa…
Raman characterization of aligned carbon nanotubes of average diameter 10–15 nm, produced by chemical vapor deposition on a mesoporous substrate, has been carried out. The resonance behavior and higher-order Raman bands up to fourth order have been observed and compared with those of carbon nanotubes produced by arc d…
A new jet-cooked starch—oil composite has been blended with a polyester polyol and then reacted with isocyanate to give a polyurethane foam. Infrared spectroscopy and microscopy have been used to examine the resultant products. Infrared spectra have shown the products contain the urethane structures and light and elec…
The structure development and mechanical properties of blow extruded polypropylene containing β-phase nucleating additives was studied. Quinacridone red and cadmium red were both found to nucleate the β phase in polypropylene, the former being a much more efficient nucleator than the latter. The β-phase spherulites fo…
Nach dem Vorbild der Natur entstand die dem natürlichen Mineral Cetineit verwandte Phase 1 , die mit ihrer nanoporösen, templatfreien Wirtstruktur ein ideales Studienobjekt für zahlreiche Untersuchungen ist. So lassen sich an diesem nanostrukturierten Halbleitermaterial elektronische Anregungs‐ und Transportprozesse u…
A description as a composite of CU2TeS3 and CuI is possible for (CuI)3Cu2TeS3, the first representative of a series of compounds formed by complex chalcogenometalate ions and copper(I) halides. The (TeS3)2− groups are oriented in parallel columns between layers of iodide ions (section of the crystal structure depicted…
In this study, thermal and microscopic analyses were used to evaluate a variety of carbonate and bicarbonate salts (alkali, alkaline—earth, and other metals), having different thermal stability within the range of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) processing temperatures, as nucleating agents for recycled bottle PET.…
Tausende einzelner Metall‐Nanokristalle mit einem Durchmesser von 2.5 nm bilden die in der rasterelektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahme rechts gezeigten fünf Partikelringe, von denen jeder einen Durchmesser von etwa 1 μm hat. Hier wird eine experimentelle und theoretische Erklärung für die Bildung derartiger Ringe vorgest…
Blends of polystyrene (PS) and polybutadiene (PBD) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. From the phase composition diagram of the blends, it appears that PBD dissolves more in the PS-rich phase than does PS in the PBD-rich phase. This result is consistent with the behavior of the specific heat incre…
To improve the mechanical properties and structure of HDPE/CaCO3 composites, a type of modifier, consisting mainly of carboxylated polyethylene (CPE), and a type of CaCO3 grafted with acrylamide (CaCO3(SINGLE BOND)A) were used. The carboxyl group content of CPE was from 1 to 10%. The amide group content on the surface…
Unprecedented structural and compositional features are exhibited by these large vanadium borate clusters (for example 1, see picture on the right). Facile solubilization and crystallization of transition metal oxides by these large, multidentate polyborate ligands portends a rich and diverse chemistry for transition…
Rosettes that are held together by hydrogen bonds (see sketch on the right) were synthesized from metallodendrimers constructed by coordination chemistry. Two orthogonal, noncovalent interactions (metal–ligand and hydrogen bonding) were employed to build these nanosized dendrimers (M ≈ 7–28 kDa).
A scanning probe microscope was used to induce local, nonvolatile field effects in epitaxial, ferroelectric Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 /SrRuO 3 heterostructures. Field-effected regions with linewidths as small as 3500 angstroms were written by locally switching the polarization field of the Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 layer;…
Abstract Chemistry is classically concerned with the connection of atoms and molecules into new functional units. The rules of connection are yet to be extended to the generation and connection of larger objects, whose dimensions are measured in nanometers. However, linking objects of this size through molecules appro…
The orientation of the noncrystalline (amorphous) phase in poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers is analyzed by separating the amorphous scattering in the wide-angle x-ray diffraction patterns into isotropic and anisotropic components. Two parameters are used to characterize the amorphous orientation—the fraction of the…
Bamboo fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared. PP and two maleated polypropylenes (s-MAPP and m-MAPP) were used as matrices. Crystallization and interfacial morphology were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and optical microscopy. It ha…
The properties of starch plastic sheets were investigated by stress—strain measurements in relation with starch crystallinity. Granular potato starch was plasticized with different amounts of glycerol and water by extrusion. The materials were amorphous directly after processing. During aging above the glass transitio…
Without sticking to the surface rapeseed oil droplets roll around on a surface prepared in two steps: An aluminum plate is first anodically oxidized and then treated with fluorinated monoalkylphosphates. The contact angles for some polar oils on such surfaces are greater than 150°.