Materials Literature
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Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to investigate molecular nitrogen and isolated nitrogen acceptors in single crystals of ZnO. These samples were grown by the seeded chemical vapor transport method with N2 added to the gas stream. A five-line EPR spectrum is observed at low temperature in the as-grow…
100% polar-axis (c-axis)-oriented epitaxial Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 (PZT) thin films were grown and their large remanent polarization (Pr) was directly measured. Perfectly c-axis-oriented epitaxial PZT thin films were obtained on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates when the deposition temperature increased to 540 °C toget…
Our microscopic theory of entropic barrier formation and activated hopping for hard-sphere colloidal suspensions [K. S. Schweizer and E. J. Saltzman, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1181 (2003), preceding paper] is combined with general statistical mechanical relations and a binary-collision-type model for the low-viscosity regim…
Using a simple non‐conjugated polymer host , blends with tetraphenylporphyrin complexes of ytterbium [Yb(TPP)L] have been used to construct near‐infrared‐emitting diodes in which the Yb(TPP)L serves as both the emitter and charge‐transport medium. The Figure shows the structure of Ln(TPP)L(OEt), and a simplified mecha…
Abstract The solid‐state polymerization (SSP) of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) has been studied and compared with that of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Because PTT and PET share the same SSP mechanism, the modified second‐order kinetic model, which has successfully been used to describe the SSP behavior…
The recently discovered extracellular poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) depolymerase PhaZ7 of Paucimonas lemoignei represents the first member of a new subgroup (EC 3.1.1.75) of serine hydrolases with no significant amino acid similarities to conventional PHB depolymerases, lipases or other hydrolases except for a pot…
The optical properties of Ge quantum dots embedded in Si were investigated by means of photoluminescence, with temperature and excitation power density as variable parameters. Two different types of recombination processes related to the Ge quantum dots were observed. A transfer from the spatially indirect to the spat…
Abstract An easy route for the synthesis of vanadium, zinc, magnesium, etc. complexes of new soluble symmetrical octa( m ‐trifluoromethylphenyl) or octa( m ‐trifluoromethylphenoxy) substituted 2,3‐naphthalocyanines {[( m ‐CF 3 Ph) 8 NcM] or [( m ‐CF 3 PhO) 8 NcM]} in good yields is described in detail. The structures…
This paper addresses the problem of dielectric breakdown in composite materials. The dielectric breakdown model was generalized to describe dielectric breakdown patterns in conductor-loaded composites. Conducting particles are distributed at random in the insulating matrix, and the dielectric breakdown propagates acco…
Electromigration tests on Cu dual-damascene interconnect tree structures consisting of straight via-to-via (or contact-to-contact) lines with an extra via in the middle of the line have been carried out. Like Al-based interconnects, the reliability of a segment in a Cu-based interconnect tree strongly depends on the s…
Pure metallic platinum nanocrystallites with uniform diameter, confined in the pore channels of mesoporous zirconia, have been synthesized by a new ion‐ exchange reaction followed by in‐situ reduction. Such a nanostructured platinum–zirconia mesoporous composite material is demonstrated to be an efficient catalyst for…
Abstract Poly( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) composites incorporating various inorganic fillers (ifR‐PLA) were prepared by the melt blending technique, and their mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. The filler types influenced the mechanical properties of ifR‐PLA; for those incorporating particle‐ and whisker‐type f…
The inter-grain exchange-coupling interactions, effective anisotropy, and coercivity in nanocomposite Nd2Fe14B/α−Fe magnets were investigated. The effective anisotropy of nanocomposite magnets has been calculated starting from the statistics of boundaries between magnetically hard-hard, hard-soft, and soft-soft grains…
The global phase diagram of a system of charged hard spheres, composed of positive and negative ions of the same size, is obtained by means of computer simulations. Thermodynamic integration and Einstein crystal calculations are used to determine the free energies of the different possible solid structures. In this wa…
High‐quality Pr 2 O 3 high‐ k thin films with very promising electrical properties have been prepared by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition on Si(100) substrates. The most critical factor for selective and reproducible Pr 2 O 3 film formation is the oxygen partial pressure in the reaction chamber. X‐ray (see Figu…
Chemical vapor deposition on selectively masked SiO 2 patterns has been used to obtain controlled placement and exclusive in‐plane growth of length‐ and direction‐tunable carbon nanotubes (see Figure and inside cover). Nanotube bridges interconnecting SiO 2 patterns are fabricated, and their electrical characteristics…
The microstructural and optical analysis of SiO2 layers emitting white luminescence is reported. These structures have been synthesized by sequential Si+ and C+ ion implantation and high-temperature annealing. Their white emission results from the presence of up to three bands in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, co…
Dithienylethene‐containing glassy nematic liquid crystals (see Figure) have been synthesized, in which the dithienylethene core’s electronic transition moment is uniaxially aligned. Large changes in refractive index and optical birefringence could be induced in the solid state by photochemical means. Applications in n…
In this article, we report the results of an analysis of the glycolytic enzyme enolase (2-phospho-d-glycerate hydrolase) of Trypanosoma brucei. Enolase activity was detected in both bloodstream-form and procyclic insect-stage trypanosomes, although a 4.5-fold lower specific activity was found in the cultured procyclic…
We report the size effect on the ferroelectric phase transition in SrBi2Ta2O9 nanoparticles. Samples with particle sizes between 11 and 71 nm were prepared by a room-temperature mechanical activation process followed by postannealing at different temperatures. The size of the particles was determined by x-ray diffract…