Materials Literature
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Spin-dependent phenomena in ZnO may lead to devices with new or enhanced functionality, such as polarized solid-state light sources and sensitive biological and chemical sensors. In this paper, we review the experimental results on transition metal doping of ZnO and show that the material can be made with a single pha…
Molecular engineering of multilayered composites by layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) made possible easy replication of mechanical properties of nacre. Taking advantage of the ability of LBL to finely control the structure of the composite, one can further improve the mechanical properties of the multilayers, e.g., increa…
Water can be supercooled to temperatures as low as −92 ◦C, the experimental crystal homogeneous nucleation temperature TH at 2 kbar. Within the supercooled liquid phase its response functions show an anomalous increase consistent with the presence of a liquid–liquid critical point located in a region inaccessible to e…
The charge transport mechanism and the macroscopic dielectric constant in polycrystalline device materials commonly exhibit several components such as electrode-sample interface, grain boundary and bulk contributions. In order to gain precise understanding of the functionality of polycrystalline electroceramic device…
Experimental evidence is provided on close relation between polarization and space charge in corona poled PVDF films. It is shown that the depolarizing field is compensated by charges trapped in macroscopic transition zones, by which polarized parts of the volume are separated from non-polarized ones. The compensating…
A new series of diarylethene-containing 1-aryl-substituted 2-(2-pyridyl)imidazole ( L ) ligands have been prepared and characterized. Subsequent reactions of the 2-(2-pyridyl)imidazole ligands with Re(CO) 5 Cl under reflux conditions afforded [Re(CO) 3 ( L )Cl]; one of the complexes has also been structurally determin…
Pentanuclear, cyanide-bridged clusters [M(tmphen)2]3[M'(CN)6]2 (M/M' = Zn/Cr (1), Zn/Fe (2), Fe/Fe (3), Fe/Co (4), and Fe/Cr (5); tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) were prepared by combining [M'III(CN)6]3- anions with mononuclear complexes of MII ions with two capping tmphen ligands. The clusters consi…
The nature of the band gap of indium oxide is still a matter of debate. Based on optical measurements the presence of an indirect band gap has been suggested, which is 0.9 to $1.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ smaller than the direct band gap at the $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ point. This could be caused by strong…
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), which are single graphene sheets, share many of the fascinating electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes. Compact physical models for conductance of GNRs as functions of chirality, width, Fermi level, and the type of electron scatterings at the edges are presented…
It is demonstrated that multiwalled (MWCNT) and single-walled (SWCNT) carbon nanotube materials contain residual metal impurities (Fe, Ni, Co, Mo) even after prolonged periods of "washing" with concentrated nitric acid at temperature of 80 degrees C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HR-T…
We analyze the spectroscopic features of bilayer graphene determined by the formation of pairs of low-energy and split bands in this material. We show that the inter-Landau-level absorption spectrum in bilayer graphene at high magnetic field is much denser in the far-infrared range than that in monolayer material and…
Concomitant with the development of metal-based spintronics in the late 1980s and 1990s, important advances were made on the growth of high-quality oxide thin films and heterostructures. While this was at first motivated by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in perovskite Cu oxides, this technological…
We study the gate-voltage induced gap that occurs in graphene bilayers using ab initio density functional theory. Our calculations confirm the qualitative picture suggested by phenomenological tight-binding and continuum models. We discuss enhanced screening of the external interlayer potential at small gate voltages,…
The chemical and catalytic activity of nanoparticles has strongly contributed to the current tremendous interest in engineered nanomaterials and often serves as a guiding principle for the design of functional materials. Since it has most recently become evident that such active materials can enter into cells or organ…
Soon after the discovery of antiferroelectric liquid crystals, Orihara and Ishibashi proposed a theoretical model for these systems. The model allows for three simply modulated structures: the ferroelectric, the antiferroelectric and the structure with ferrielectric properties. In the region where neither of simply mo…
The optical spectrum of the cubic helimagnetic metal FeGe has been investigated in the frequency range from $0.01\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}3.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ for different temperatures from $30\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}29…
In order to enhance the feasibility of in-vessel retention (IVR) of molten core material during a severe accident for high-power reactors, an in-vessel core catcher (IVCC) was designed and evaluated as part of a joint United States-Korean International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (INERI). The proposed IVCC is e…
The objective of this paper is to model the energy consumed in generating cellulose microfibres, 1 μm in diameter, as reinforcing agents, by refining bleached softwood kraft pulp in a PFI mill. An average initial fibre diameter of 13 μm was assumed. 125,000 revolutions in a PFI mill was found to produce a high yield o…
Tilted columnar biaxial thin films were fabricated by thermally evaporating tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq3) at oblique angles of incidence α≥65° measured from the substrate normal. Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and Bruggeman effective medium approximations were used to characterize the structure…
The objective of this paper is to model the energy consumed in generating cellulose microfibres, 1 μm in diameter, as reinforcing agents, by refining bleached softwood kraft pulp in a PFI mill. An average initial fibre diameter of 13 μm was assumed. 125,000 revolutions in a PFI mill was found to produce a high yield o…