Materials Literature
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The plasmon-exciton interaction mechanisms in CdS-Au colloidal quantum-confined plexcitonic nanorod heterostructures have been studied by transient absorption spectroscopy. Optical excitation of plasmons in the Au tip leads to hot electron injection into the CdS rod with a quantum yield of ~2.75%. This finding suggest…
A stretchable carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber based wire-shaped supercapacitor is fabricated using a prestraining-then-buckling approach. At tensile strains from 0% to 100% or after 20 mechanical stretching-releasing cycles with maximum strain of 100%, the electrochemical properties are not reduced but rather somewhat imp…
Nanomaterials in the size range of 3–50 nm have received increased attention in the last few decades because they exhibit physical properties that are intermediate to those of individual molecules and bulk materials. Similarly, ultrasmall nanoparticles (USNPs), with sizes in the 1–3 nm range, exhibit unique properties…
Size, surface charge, and material compositions are known to influence cell uptake of nanoparticles. However, the effect of particle geometry, i.e., the interplay between nanoscale shape and size, is less understood. Here we show that when shape is decoupled from volume, charge, and material composition, under typical…
Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) based on BaZr 1-x Y x O 3-δ (BZY) have attracted great attention as an alternative for the conventional high temperature fuel cells based on oxygen conducting electrolyte. However, this BZY-based PCFC technology still has many technical problems, especially related with the poor sin…
Metal supported SOFCs (m-SOFCs) offer the advantages of inexpensive metal components as compared to the more expensive rare earth materials, since the entire ceramic support layer is replaced by ferritic steels, e.g., SS430L, AISI 441. However, with sintering conditions for ceramic and metalliclayers being different,…
A citrate gel conversion system was developed in this study. The citrate gel, which was obtained by adding ethanol into sodium citrate aqueous solution, was dissolved in glycerin to form the conversion solution. After the consecutive steps of roll coating and heating, a citrate gel conversion coating was made on AZ31…
We propose a parallelized meso-scale kinetic Monte Carlo code for SOFC characterization. Five properties included in this code are 1) minimum input of the unit cell to build larger block structures, 2) piling blocks according to the three dimensional morphology, 3) symbolic definition of elementary events, 4) parallel…
In view of long term reliability of SOFCs, the prediction of voltage degradation is essential. In yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) generally adopted as electrolyte, the degradation of electrical conductivity is known to be caused by the phase transformation of the cubic to the tetragonal phase over the long term of se…
In recent years, Cu-CeO 2 /YSZ anode materials have been investigated as alternative anode materials for direct oxidation of variety of hydrocarbons for SOFC applications. However, the thermal stability of Cu-CeO 2 anode at operating temperature greater than 700 °C is a major concern. The paper reports a use of Fe spe…
One of the challenges for the continued use and expansion of nuclear power generation is the disposal of radioactive waste materials. The long lifetimes require the identification of stable geological formations with non-aggressive environments combined with engineered multi-barrier containment systems. In this paper,…
Methanol utilization in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is studied with Fourier-transform IR emission spectroscopy and near-IR thermal imaging and the results are compared to the methane case. Adsorbed CO 2 is identified on the anode surface of the SOFCs with both fuels. The stronger surface CO 2 IR signal with methano…
SOFCs with GDC electrolytes present challenges for stack modeling due to the variation in conductivity and chemical activity of GDC as a function of effective oxygen partial pressure P O2 , which varies significantly down the channel in SOFC anodes with increasing fuel utilization. This paper presents a 3-D model for…
We developed the high durability coating for SOFC metal interconnectors. The method is anion type electrodeposition coating, and the material of coating is spinel type oxide. Generally, electrodeposition coating is used to form the resin based coating, but we successfully increase the amount of ceramics in the film an…
Our group has attempted to construct an SOFC multiscale model which can simulate inelastic deformation under operating conditions. In this study, we have focused on mechanical properties of Ni-YSZ anode and aimed to identify creep parameter which is a key factor of inelastic deformation. Measurements were performed at…
This paper reports a comprehensive understanding of the electrochemical polarization processes that determine the performance of reformate fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Ni/8YSZ anodes. State-of-the-art anode supported cells manufactured by Research Center Jülich (FZJ) were analyzed via electrochemical impedance s…
Solid oxide fuel cell attracts much attention due to its advantages such as high efficiency and low carbon emission. For a typical Ni/YSZ anode, it is essential to understand the relationship between performance and microstructure of Ni/YSZ interface and Ni/YSZ/pore triple-phase boundary. Herein, the crystallographic…
The perovskite-oxides, such as (La,Sr)CoO 3 and (Ba,Sr)CoO 3 , have received much attention in recent years as cathode materials for intermediate temperature-solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In this study, we have investigated the structural, electrical, electrochemical, and redox properties of Sm 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 1- x…
A steam electrolysis method using Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) is re-emerging as the state-of-the art technology since water molecules are easier to split into hydrogen and oxygen molecules at high temperature. However, delamination problems have been reported between GDC (Gd 0.2 CeO 2-x ) interlayer and YSZ (…
The complex relationship between the microstructure of the mixed ionic-electronic conductor La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3- δ (LSC) and the electrode performance has been investigated on a quantitative level. Symmetric half-cells and single cells with various LSC microstructures were formed using series of raw cathode powders wi…