Materials Literature
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Using a standard evaporation technique at 311 K, large single crystals of the polar orthorhombic potassium rare earth nitrates K 2 RE(NO 3 ) 5 .2H 2 O, where RE = La, Ce, Pr or Nd, of optical quality and dimensions up to 5 × 5 × 4 cm, were grown from aqueous solutions containing a stoichiometric ratio of potassium and…
Grain-boundary diffusion in the regime affected by internal stresses of triple-line disclinations is analysed. The concentration profiles in a stressed solid averaged over a distribution of hydrostatic stress gradients are calculated. It is shown that the stresses from triple-line disclinations in as-prepared submicro…
The compaction behavior of fine alumina powders with different particle sizes or bimodal particle‐size distributions that are undergoing pressure filtration was investigated. Three alumina powders—average particle sizes of 0.2—0.86 μm—were compacted to a solids fraction of 62—65 vol% from suspensions at pH 3, which wa…
Inhibition of the corrosion of copper in aerated 0·5M sulphuric acid solutions containing various concentrations of indole-5-carboxylic acid was studied in the temperature range 25–55°C using potentiodynamic curves (Tafel lines), weight loss, analytical methods, and determination of double layer capacitance. The corro…
Crack bridging associated with the pull‐out process of interlocking grains in self‐reinforced ceramic materials is studied through a micromechanical simulation. The pullout of a single inclined grain is modeled via the numerical solution of a general contact problem. The bridging‐force versus crack‐opening‐distance cu…
Glasses with compositions Li 1.2 M 0.2 Ge 1.8 (PO 4 ) 3 (M = Al, Ga, Y, Gd, Dy, and La) were prepared and converted to glass‐ceramics by heat treatment. The effects of the M 3+ ions on the conductivity of the glasses and glass‐ceramics were studied. The main phase present in the glass‐ceramics was the conductive phase…
The biphasic system methyltrioxorhenium (MTO)-H2O2/CH2Cl2 was studied in the epoxidation of polybutadiene and the results showed that this system presents a high selectivity and the extension of epoxidation (10–50%) can be modulated by the amount of oxidant added, without significant change in the molecular weight of…
The skin of catfish Gariepinus spp. reared in tannery effuent water (ETP) had an increased collagen content, decreased acid solubility and high carbohydrate association as compared with skin of normal fish. The skin collagen in either fish was composed of three distinct α chains with mobilities different from that of…
Transient differential absorption spectra of solgel glasses that contain copper selenide nanoparticles (NP’s) have been studied with a picosecond pump–probe technique. Oxidation of copper selenide NP’s results in the appearance of an additional absorption band peaked at ∼1 µm, which can be transiently bleached under l…
Atomically-resolved surface photovoltage (SPV) imaging with a scanning tunnelling microscope was used by several laboratories to reveal the local degree of sub-surface electronic band bending at and around defects and adsorbates on various semiconductor surfaces. It turns out that the scanning tunnelling microscope ti…
Abstract Mixed layering of illite-smectite was studied both experimentally, by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM), and theoretically, by using lattice-energy calculations. Samples from a hydrothermal origin show the transformation of smectite to illi…
The splitting between longitudinal and transverse optical modes was observed in the infrared reflection spectra of silica glasses at different incident angles. The density of states and the frequency of the longitudinal mode were found to increase with increasing incident angle. A sharp minimum in the reflectance was…
A mushy region is assumed to consist of a fine mixture of two distinct phases separated by free boundaries. For simplicity, the fine structure is here taken to be periodic, first in one dimension, and then a lattice of squares in two dimensions. A method of multiple scales is employed, with a classical free-boundary p…
Time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopic measurements were undertaken to probe the axial ligand and solvent effects on the photophysical and photochemical processes of some paramagnetic metalloporphyrins (CuII, CrIII, MnIII and FeIII porphyrins). The presence of odd electrons in d-orbitals of the central metal ions…
Surface wetting behaviors of cotton and two rayons, one a regular crenulated and the other a trilobal (Galaxy), all stripped of topically applied finish, are determined using a sensitive Wilhelmy technique. The contact angles (advancing and receding), work of adhesion, and surface energies are assessed. For the latter…
Type 316 stainless steel weld metal with 0·07%N, prepared using nitrogen bearing 316 stainless steel filler wire by the manual metal arc (MMA) welding process, was evaluated for the microstructural changes and pitting corrosion resistance in as welded and aged (at both 1023 and 1123 K for 0·5, 1, 10, and 100 h) condit…
Poly(arylether benzoxazole)s (PAEBOs) were prepared from a series of fully aromatic dicarboxylic acids containing (phenylenedioxy)diphenylene or (naphthalenedioxy) diphenylene groups and 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (I) or 4-4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(2-aminophenol) (II) through high-temperature direct po…
Abstract Smectites of sedimentary series from a playa lake system from Calatayud Basin have been studied by XRD and TEM chemical microanalyses. Clay particle microanalyses show complete continuity between dioctahedral aluminous and trioctahedral magnesian smectites. Aluminous smectites have been classified as montmori…
Abstract HIPS/UHMWPE and HIPS/XL‐UHMWPE containing carbon black (CB) are unique systems in which CB is attracted to the PE, and thus structuring takes place affecting the morphology and the resultant electrical properties. UHMWPE, having a very high viscosity, was chosen as the dispersed phase within HIPS in place of…
The electrochemical behaviour of 254SMO stainless steel in HCl solutions has been studied and compared with that observed for other alloys using open circuit potential measurements, potentiodynamic polarisation curves, and SEM analysis techniques. 254SMO does not display pitting corrosion at room temperature in HCl so…