Materials Literature
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We introduce a class of damage models on regular lattices with isotropic interactions, as e.g. quasistatic fiber bundles. The system starts intact with a surface-energy threshold required to break any cell sampled from an uncorrelated quenched-disorder distribution. The evolution of this heterogeneous system is ruled…
The nucleation and growth kinetics of highly ordered nanocrystal superlattices during the evaporation of nanocrystal colloidal droplets was elucidated by in situ time resolved small-angle x-ray scattering. We demonstrated for the first time that evaporation kinetics can affect the dimensionality of the superlattices.…
Natural silicon consists of three stable isotopes with atomic mass 28 (92.21%), 29 (4.70%) and 30 (3.09%). To present day, isotopic enrichment of Si was used in electronics for two goals: (i) fabrication of substrates with high level of doping and homogeneous distribution of impurities and (ii) for fabrication of subs…
We study the dependence of perpendicular-current magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers on the angle between the magnetizations of the layers. This dependence varies with the thickness of one of the layers, and is different for multilayers with two and three magnetic layers. We derive a system of equations represen…
The low-energy part of vibration spectrum in ${\mathrm{PbMg}}_{1/3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2/3}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PMN) relaxor ferroelectric was studied by inelastic neutron scattering. We observed the coexistence of a resolution-limited central peak with strong quasielastic scattering. The line width of the quasielastic compo…
Vibrational mode frequencies and damping are calculated for an elastic sphere embedded in an infinite, homogeneous, isotropic elastic medium. Anisotropic elasticity of the sphere significantly shifts the frequencies in comparison to simplified calculations that assume isotropy. New low-frequency Raman light scattering…
pH-sensitive gels: By using a cyclohexane-based scaffold to which various amino acid based substituents can be connected, low-molecular-weight compounds were obtained that can gelate water at very low concentrations. Their modular design (see picture: AA=amino acid(s), X=hydrophilic substituent, dark purple=hydrophobi…
Effective pair exchange interactions between Mn atoms in III-V and group-IV diluted magnetic semiconductors are determined from a two-step first-principles procedure. In the first step, the self-consistent electronic structure of a system is calculated for a collinear spin structure at zero temperature with the substi…
Mineral or vitamin E was incorporated into chitosan-based films: 10-200% (w/w chitosan) Gluconal Cal (GC), a mixture of calcium gluconate and lactate; 5-20% zinc lactate (ZL); and 5-20% alpha-tocopheryl acetate (VE) with acetylated monoglyceride (AM). The functionality of film-forming solutions and dried films was ana…
The ferroelectric–to–ferroelectic phase transformation between the high temperature (FERH) and the low temperature (FERL) rhomobohedral phases in lead based perovskite under the dc bias conditions was investigated. Dielectric measurements show that an external electric field stabilizes the FERL phase and moves the pha…
Atomic XAFS on [PtCl(NCN)-Z] pincer complexes shows it to be a sensitive probe for the determination of the electron density on the metal atom, similar yet complementary to NMR.
Abstract Polyamide fibers were treated with a low‐temperature oxygen plasma and the effects on the morphology, chemistry and crystallinity of the material were studied. Topographical results illustrate that changes in the surface morphology of the oxygen‐plasma‐treated polyamide correlate well with the discharge power…
The temperature and pressure dependence of the photoluminescence from ZnS:Mn2+, ZnS:Cu2+, and ZnS:Eu2+ nanocrystals were investigated in the temperature range from 10 to 300 K and under hydrostatic pressure up to 6 GPa at room temperature. The orange emission (590 nm) from the T14-6A1 transition of Mn2+ ions, the gree…
Abstract Aluminum‐borate‐whiskers‐reinforced bismaleimide (BMI/Al 18 B 4 O 33 ) composites were prepared, and the mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. Results show that the coupling agent used for surface treatment of whiskers has a great effect on the properties of these materials. Composites containi…
In the presence of surfactant, potassium stearate, quantum-confined InP nanocrystals (NCs) were hydrothermally synthesized in aqueous ammonia. Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns give the zinc blende phase of InP with lattice constant a=5.8377±8×10−4 Å. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs show that…
This paper explores the mechanism of bending with kinking of a long single-walled carbon nanotube under pure bending with moderate bending angles. The prebuckling response was modeled using the existing continuum mechanics theory accounting for the ovalization of the cross section. The post-buckling behavior was chara…
The origin of the nonexponential relaxation of silver ions in the crystalline ion conductor ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{7}{\mathrm{P}}_{3}{\mathrm{S}}_{11}$ is analyzed by comparing appropriate two-time and three-time ${}^{109}\mathrm{Ag}$ NMR correlation functions. The nonexponentiality is due to a rate distribution, i.e., dynam…
The mechanical properties—Young’s modulus (E) and hardness (H)—of diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films deposited on p2+ Si (100) by filtered cathodic vacuum arc with different substrate bias voltage have been studied by nanoindentation measurement, where the substrate effect is included. Their intrinsic properties [in…
Octahedral and hexahedral diamond particles in the size range 4−450 μm were formed at temperatures of 400−600 °C by reduction of dense carbon dioxide with metallic lithium and potassium, respectively. The micro-Raman spectrum analysis shows that typical particles exhibit a sharp peak at 1332 cm -1, which is the charac…
The kinetics of oxygen removal from CeO2 were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, at high temperatures, under a reducing atmosphere of Ar–6%H2. A chemical diffusivity model was developed that takes into account the composition dependence of both the pre-exponential factor and the activation energy. In this…