Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new surface oxygen complex on carbon: toward a unified mechanism for carbon gasification reactionsS. G. Chen, R. T. Yang, F. Kapteijn, and J. A. MoulijnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 11, 2835–2840Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Publi…
To examine the role of organic constituents in the destruction of calcium carbonate skeletons, we aged fresh shells of the bivalves Nucula sulcata (organic-rich nacreous aragonites with low crystallite surface areas) and Cerastoderma edule (organic-poor porcellaneous aragonites, high crystallite surface areas) under b…
This article summarizes the characteristics of Honeywell's two-dimensional (2-D) arrays of micromachined microbolometers, discusses practical methods of operating these arrays in high-sensitivity room-temperature infrared (IR) imaging systems, and describes recent performance measurements.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of chiral symmetry breaking in crystallizationDilip K. Kondepudi, Kim L. Bullock, Jennifer A. Digits, John K. Hall, and Jason M. MillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 22, 10211–10216Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published onlin…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsotropic-nematic phase separation of a dispersion of organophilic boehmite rodsP. A. Buining and H. N. W. LekkerkerkerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 44, 11510–11516Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
Strategies for the optimization of molecular second‐order nonlinearities have emerged over the past few years, but significant questions still remain. This review highlights recent conceptual advances in the field of nonlinear optical molecular materials, concentrating on design criteria for the molecules themselves,…
Long-wavelength density fluctuations are recorded by small-angle light scattering during the crystallization of hard colloidal spheres. Measured structure factors show approximate scaling with a peak at finite scattering vectors. The time dependences of the peak intensity and the wave vector clearly reveal two differe…
We measure the effect of dc-electric-field--temperature sequences on the finite-frequency dielectric constant \ensuremath{\varepsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega}), and the thermally stimulated depolarization current of single crystals of Pb (${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1/3}$${\mathrm{Nb}}_{2/3}$)${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PMN). The results are…
Problems associated with manufacturing Si 3 N 4 /SiC‐whisker composites have been overcome by developing selfreinforced Si 3 N 4 with elongated β‐Si 3 N 4 grains formed in situ from oxynitride glass. This Si 3 N 4 –Y 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 –CaO‐based material has a flexure strength >1000 MPa and fracture toughness >8…
An open question in the study of water concerns the shape of the liquid spinodal line in the phase diagram of water, a boundary which represents the limit of mechanical stability of the liquid state. It has been conjectured that the pressure of the liquid spinodal ${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{s}}$(T) does not decrease monot…
Molecular engineering has allowed the control of the HOMO-LUMO gap energy in a family of conjugated polymers based on poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV). Random copolymerization of 1 and 6 afforded precursor polymers 10 with two different leaving groups. Treatment under thermal conditions led to a partially conjugated po…
For small Mach numbers the Rayleigh–Plesset equations (modified to include acoustic radiation damping) provide the hydrodynamic description of a bubble’s breathing motion. Measurements are presented for the bubble radius as a function of time. They indicate that in the presence of sonoluminescence the ratio of maximum…
This paper deals with the results of critical power experiments performed simulating commercial BWR conditions at Hitachi Core and Fuel Test Loop with seven fuel-rod heater bundles in a tight triangular lattice array, which is assumed to be used in high conversion BWRs. The main conclusions of experiments are; (1) The…
The structural transitions of CaCl2 and CaBr2 at 491 K and 778 K, respectively, represent clear examples of proper ferroelastic transformations of the optical type. In both cases, the instability of the hightemperature rutile-type structure is caused by the softening of an optical phonon at the center of the Brillouin…
We present an analytical treatment of (i) the incorporation of thermal noise in the basic continuum models of solidification, (ii) fluctuations about nonequilibrium steady states, and (iii) the amplification of noise near the onset of morphological instability. In (i), we find that the proper Langevin formalism, consi…
Repassivation potential (Erp) was investigated for use as a parameter in the long-term prediction of pitting resistance of two Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys that are candidate materials for high-level nuclear waste containers. This potential was found to be independent of the extent of prior pit growth for alloy 825 (UNS N08825)…
Films composed of ceramic particles were observed during drying. The films were prepared from 20 vol% aqueous dispersions of α‐alumina and α‐quartz and were free of any organic binder. Conditions for uniform film saturation during drying were established by consideration of a liquid transport model and by direct obser…
The infrared-reflectance spectra of silica glasses were measured and analyzed with a Kramers-Kronig transformation for a better understanding of the response of silica, especially in the high-frequency region (1000--1300 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$). The silica samples were prepared by the sol-gel techn…
A novel scheme is presented for the preparation of cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens, with a focused ion beam (FIB). This scheme is particularly suitable for highly structured substrates, such as integrated circuits. The specimen is made by cutting a thin slice of material from the substra…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheory of block copolymer interfaces in the strong segregation limitA. N. SemenovCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 24, 6617–6621Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/…