Materials Literature
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After coating with a smooth, nonreactive, sputtered gold layer, previously nonemitting chemical vapor deposited diamond films are observed to emit electrons in an applied field of 30–50 kV/cm in an electron emission microscope. The gold overlayer increases the effective field strength applied to the film. The conseque…
The elastic backscattering of medium-energy (200--2000 eV) electrons from noncrystalline materials has been investigated experimentally, theoretically, and with a Monte Carlo (MC) technique. A theory for elastic electron backscattering has been developed. In this theory, single scattering events are treated exactly wh…
Abstract The anionic polymerisation of ε‐caprolactam in a corotating, intermeshing twin‐screw extruder is discussed in terms of the materials formulation, extruder screw profile, and processing parameters such as temperature and screw speed. Using a variety of analytical characterization techniques, it is demonstrated…
Within the framework of the local-density approximation and the ab initio pseudopotential theory, it is shown that alloying of ${\mathrm{MgH}}_{2}$ with Li or Al may be described in terms of the rigid-band model. Metallization of insulating ${\mathrm{MgH}}_{2}$ upon doping with Li or Al should therefore be possible. D…
Anisotropic thermoelectric characteristics of a sintered Bi2Te3 system have been evaluated on the basis of the orientation distribution of crystallites. Uniaxially anisotropic resistivities, Hall coefficients, and thermal conductivities of sintered Bi2Te3 were expressed by linear combinations of those of single crysta…
Surface-induced ordering in block copolymer melts is studied numerically. For symmetric copolymers, the thickness of the surface-enrichment layer is found to scale as Req∼Nθ with θ≊0.6, suggesting the system is undergoing a surface-induced strong segregation. The density profile perpendicular to the interacting surfac…
Electronic states of graphite overlayers formed on the TaC(111) surface have been investigated with the use of scanning tunneling microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy. The graphite film grows on the substrate layer by layer. The thickness of the overlayer has been adjusted precisely to be either one or two monola…
We report the results of structural, chemical, and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) characterization of Si/Mo multilayers grown by sputtering and by UHV evaporation. This study includes mirrors designed for normal incidence with peak reflectivities Rpeak between 22 and 24 nm, and 45° mirrors having Rpeak between 16 and 19 nm…
Porous silicon (PS) with its distribution of crystallite sizes is a highly disordered material. We present a theoretical formulation to explain the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of porous silicon. We base our formalism on the quantum confinement model using methods similar to those of Kane and Lifshitz. A minimal set…
By means of Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice model, microphase separation transition of symmetric diblock-copolymer melts confined in the thin-film geometry between parallel hard walls is studied. We impose a surface field which acts repulsively only on one of the two species, to stabilize lamellar order parallel…
The blue system of FeH, at 493 nm, has been recorded with a sample at near-ambient temperatures by laser excitation spectroscopy. With the help of dispersed fluorescence studies, all the strong lines in this region of the spectrum have been assigned to the (0,0) band of the g 6Φ–a 6Δ transition, where the lower state…
The measurement of the specific contact resistance, ρC, and microstructural analysis at the metal/diamond interface were carried out for diamond with various acceptor concentrations, NA, in order to understand the carrier transport mechanism at the metal/diamond interface. The ρC measurements were carried out for poly…
Magnetic properties of FeRh 1- x Pt x system with body-centered cubic and body-centered tetragonal (bct) structures were studied by means of X-ray diffractometry, magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy, and the phase diagram in a temperature-composition plane was determined. With substituting Pt for Rh, the axial rat…
A lattice instability toward in-plane Kekulé and out-of-plane distortions is studied in metallic carbon nanotubes in both k · p approximation and tight-binding model. The k · p model Hamiltonian is given by Dirac's relativistic equation in the presence of distortion. The resulting gap equation is solved analytically i…
The thermal expansion and anisotropic magnetostriction of the RCo 2 Laves phases were studied in the temperature range 4-500 K using the X-ray powder diffraction method. In the heavy RCo 2 the magnetic moment of the itinerant d electron subsystem derived from the magnetovolume effect was found to fit well with the mag…
Empirical forms have been found for the total and differential elastic scattering cross sections for electron/atom scattering. The cross sections are valid over the range 0.1–30 keV and across the periodic table. The empirical forms of the cross sections are derived from trends in tabulated Mott scattering cross secti…
The 7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 surface has been studied with Si 2p core-level spectroscopy using an experimental resolution better than 70 meV at a temperature of 120 K. The spectra are much more well resolved than earlier reports and provide considerably more information. They consist of a bulk component an…
To verify the status of the divergence ${K}_{13}$ term in the elastic theory of liquid crystals we study submicron films placed onto an isotropic fluid substrate in the Langmuir trough (Langmuir liquid crystal, LLC). The upper and lower surfaces favor normal and tangential molecular orientation, respectively. The peri…
Complex perovskite A(B′B″)O3 ceramics with various degrees of B-site order have been structurally and spectroscopically characterized by means of x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and infrared reflectivity. In Ba(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3 and Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3, no order could be detected whereas Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3…
Hydrogen-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-related defects in chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) diamond have been observed by infrared spectroscopy and found to affect optical absorptions in spectral regions of commercial interest. The origin of absorptions in the infrared spectrum at 2820 and 2833 cm−1, which have been observed p…