Materials Literature
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Alumina continues to play an important role in the materials industry with the Bayer process still providing alumina after a 100 years of continuous processing. In addition to traditional applications of alumina, alumina is being advanced as a major part of the new frontier on nanophase materials and nanophase technol…
A theoretical study of the SiC 3 + isomers has been carried out, characterizing six different structures. Predictions for their geometries and vibrational frequencies have been made at both the MP2/6-31G* and B3LYP/cc-pVTZ levels. The nature of bonding in these isomers has been characterized by using Bader's topologic…
The structural inhomogeneities in a weakly charged gel consisting of ( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -acrylic acid) (NIPA−AAc) have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) as a function of cross-linking density (CD) and temperature. The CD and temperature dependence of the scattered intensity profiles,…
Three species of the marine planktonic diatom genus Corethron are recognized, and compared in detail using light and electron microscopy. The confusion in the use of some of the names given to taxa in the past is clarified, mainly based on differences in the morphology of the hooked spines. The commonly used combinati…
Films of poly(vinyl alcohol), ∽2 nm thick, on silicon, copper and gold substrates were allowed to degrade for up to 800 min during monochromatized Al Kα XPS. Relative initial degradation rates of 1:∽33:∽41 were measured for the three substrates, consistent with their yield of photoelectrons and secondary electrons. Th…
The pitting behavior of a range of iron‐chromium thin film alloys which are sulfide‐free has been studied by electro‐chemical methods coupled with in situ optical microscopy. In 0.5 M HCl, iron‐chromium alloys with > ∼16 atom % chromium do not pit at any potential, whereas alloys with < ∼16 atom % chromium pit at appr…
The interactions of two lipophilic magnetic resonance imaging paramagnetic contrast agents, gadolinium complexes of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- N -( n -pentyl)- N ‘, N ‘‘, N ‘‘‘-triacetic acid (Gd-DOTAP) and 3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(carboxymethyl)-4-(4-ethoxybenzyl)undecandicarboxylic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA), with model…
Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is a transparent conducting material which is deposited as a thin film on glass substrates for use in opto-electronic devices. However, there are several applications for which ITO films on polymeric substrates are desirable. The sheet resistance, optical transmittance, and microstructure of as-…
Medical array ultrasonic probes using a 0.91Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.09PbTiO 3 (PZN-PT) single crystal exhibiting a high electromechanical coupling factor ( k 33 ) >90% have been studied in order to realize both a higher sensitivity and broader bandwidth properties. Pulse echo characteristics of the array probes, e…
Molecular chirality leads to a wonderful variety of equilibrium structures, from the simple cholesteric phase to the twist-grain-boundary phases, and it is responsible for interesting and technologically important materials like ferroelectric liquid crystals. This paper will review some recent advances in our understa…
The phase transition from an 'isotropic smectic phase' to the proper SmA* phase in a new photochromic chiral copolymer can be prevented by illumination with non-polarized white light of low intensity. On the basis of the effect observed, a novel photorecording technique is suggested, so that the shadow image appears a…
Recently it has been proposed that alkylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers on oxidized Si(100) decompose through C–C bond cleavage [G. J. Kluth, M. M. Sung, and R. Maboudian, Langmuir 13, 3775 (1991)]. To verify this desorption picture, pentadecyltrichlorosilane precursors with four deuterated carbon atoms at the end…
Three different examples have shown that nanoporous alumina membranes serve as ideal templates for the formation of nanostructured materials and also as a support of those materials in composites. The unique properties of such membranes (transparency, chemical resistivity, thermal stability, adjustable pore sizes etc.…
The spin-crossover behavior of bis{hydro-tris(1,2,4-triazolyl)borato}iron(II) is investigated in bulk and as a magnetically diluted sample in the solid state and in solution as a function of temperature by magnetic susceptibility measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. In aqueous solution the low-spin to h…
The phosphor powder ZnS:Cu,Al,Au has been investigated extensively as a possible green phosphor for field emission displays (FEDs). Phosphor powders of ZnS:Cu,Al,Au have been subjected to electron bombardment (1–5 keV) at oxygen pressures ranging from 1×10−7 to 2×10−6 Torr and different electron current densities (45–…
1. 1 cm2 pieces of eggshells from a commercial battery flock were plasma etched to remove the outer shell membranes. 2. They were decalcified using EDTA (200 g/l, pH 6.9 to 7.0) in paraformaldehyde (20 g/l) and 25% gluteraldehyde (20 ml in 0.98 l) in phosphate buffer, then prepared for light and transmission electron…
Tribochemical polishing (TCP) is a new technique for polishing materials that is based on the friction‐stimulated dissolution of material in a liquid. It differs from chemomechanical or mechanochemical polishing in that it does not use abrasives. Tribochemical polishing of silicon nitride was explored as a function of…
We have measured the phase separation morphology of polystyrene--poly (methyl methacrylate) (PS-PMMA) blend films of thickness $h$ on a silicon oxide $({\mathrm{SiO}}_{x})$ substrate with a ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{x}$ capping layer. We observe a novel phase separation morphology for small capping layer thicknesses $L$ and a…
The growth of epitaxial metal–oxide films on lattice-mismatched metal substrates often results in the formation of unique overlayer structures. In particular, epitaxial chromium oxide films grown on Pt(111) exhibit a p(2×2) symmetry through the first two monolayers of growth which is followed by a (√3×√3)R30° phase th…
In this study we re-examined the inducible cytochrome b558/566 from the archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (DSM 639), formerly thought to be a component of a terminal oxidase (Becker, M., and Schäfer, G. (1991) FEBS Lett. 291, 331-335). An improved purification method increased the yield of the protein and allowed mor…