Materials Literature
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Using the trace gas diffusion method, the vapour resistance of three clothing ensembles (two permeable and one impermeable) was determined for four subjects, sitting, standing or walking at 0-3 and 09 m/s, combined with three wind speeds of <0-15, 0-7 and 41 m/s. Sitting increased vapour resistance by 12-36%, whereas…
Despite extensive study over the years, the chemical processes involved in the atmospheric corrosion of iron and its alloys remain poorly understood. Most conceptual studies have ignored the chemical influence of the trace anions (Cl − , , , , etc.) present in the atmosphere and in precipitation. This review, presente…
The pitting and intergranular corrosion behavior of alloy AA(1) 2090 (Al-2Li-3Cu, UNS(2) A92090) in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated. Techniques used included potentiodynamic polarization, galvanic couples, and pH measurements in simulated crevices. Polarization scans were performed on under-aged and peak-aged…
A detailed photoelectrochemical study was carried out in order to identify the nature and the properties of the passive layers on chromium under different experimental conditions. Different compositions of the films, related to various hydration degrees of the Cr(III) oxides, have been inferred on the basis of the ban…
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is used to study the diffusional behavior of polystyrene latex spheres incorporated in polyacrylamide gels. It is shown that the gel systems exhibit nonergodic features, implying that the time-averaged intensity correlation function (ICF), the quantity obtained from a single DLS experime…
The halobacterium Haloferax mediterranei accumulates poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) as intracellular granules. The conditions for PHB production in batch and continuous cultures have been studied and optimized. Phosphate limitation is essential for PHB accumulation in large quantities. Glucose and starch are the bes…
A simple electro-optical technique was developed for measuring the rotational viscosity of nematic liquid crystals. These results were then used to confirm the newly developed Osipov-Terentjev (OT) theory [M. A. Osipov and E. M. Terentjev, Z. Naturforsch. A 44, 785 (1989)]. Another theory frequently used, the Diogo-Ma…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium morphology of block copolymer melts. 3Kyozi Kawasaki and Toshihiro KawakatsuCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 17, 4006–4019Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/d…
Cellulose or poly(1·4)-β-D-D-glucose is the most abundant, renewable organic raw material [1]. The molocular structure (Fig. 1) consists of cellobiose repeating units which allow chain-packing by intermolecular [2] and intramolecular [3] hydrogen-bonding. Such strong interactions are responsible for excellent inherent…
Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 dont les parametres sont a=5,450, b=5,4059, c=32,832 A, β=90,00°, Z=4; affinement jusqu'a R=0,0177. Il peut se decrire comme une modulation commensurable d'une structure parent F. Differentes transformations par deplacement reduisent la symetrie les composantes des symetries F2mm et Bbab contribuent seu…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTest of surface selection rules for surface-enhanced Raman scattering: the orientation of adsorbed benzene and monosubstituted benzenes on goldXiaoping. Gao, John P. Davies, and Michael J. WeaverCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 17, 6858–6864Publication Date (Print):August…
A theory is developed for the steady‐state properties of passive films that form on metals and alloys in aqueous environments. This theory is based on the point defect model developed earlier, and predicts that the steady‐state thickness of the barrier film and the log of the steady‐state current will vary linearly wi…
The thrombogenicity of polymers having a phospholipid polar group, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-co-n-butyl methacrylate (BMA)), was evaluated by a microsphere-column method with attention to the activation and adhesion of platelets on the polymer surface. When citrated platelet-rich plasma (PRP)…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotophysical and photochemical aspects of coupled semiconductors: charge-transfer processes in colloidal cadmium sulfide-titania and cadmium sulfide-silver(I) iodide systemsK. R. Gopidas, Maria. Bohorquez, and Prashant V. KamatCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 16, 6435–64…
Analytical expression for the resolution function for small-angle scattering in pinhole geometry are derived. The contributions to the resolution function due to wavelength spread, finite collimation and detector resolution are determined separately using Gaussian functions to approximate the contributions. A general…
The guided-mode resonance behavior of the evanescent and propagating fields associated with an unslanted, planar diffraction grating is studied by means of the rigorous coupled-wave theory. For weakly modulated gratings, the condition on the guided-mode wave number of the corresponding unmodulated dielectric-layer wav…
in the average crystal orientation and can even result in epitaxial films. It is therefore not surprising that grain growth can profoundly affect the mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties of thin films. In this article the mechanisms and modes of grain growth in thin films will be reviewed. The focus will be…
A new procedure for simultaneous refinement of structural and microstructural disorder parameters for polycrystalline materials is proposed. It is based on the Rietveld method combined with Fourier analysis for broadened peaks. Crystallite size and shape and r.m.s. microstrain are regarded as fitting parameters, repla…
Percolation and Bruggeman's effective media theories, as they apply to the electrical conductivity of composites, are reviewed, and a general effective media (GEM) equation, which combines most aspects of both percolation and effective media theories, is introduced. It is then shown that the GEM equation quantitativel…
The structure of photochromic systems based on different classes of spiropyrans, which are promising materials for the optical recording of information and control of luminous fluxes is examined. The structural factors which affect the photochemical activity of spiropyrans and the stability of the coloured forms deriv…