Materials Literature
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This paper discusses the electromagnetic field distribution in phase grating and the rate of diffraction for different diffraction orders by using a rigorous modal theory. Piece wise analytical function is used to express the eigen functions instead of the infinite series in other methods. Stable, fast and accurate re…
The oxidation of UO2 powder and ceramic has been studied in the (Li–Na–K)2CO3 eutectic melt containing added potassium chlorate between 723 and 873 K. Complete oxidation of the powder could be achieved at 723 K and with KClO3:UO2 mole ratios between 0.25 and 0.3. Potassium monouranate was formed in the reaction and no…
One of the shortcomings of ferritic stainless steels is their limited toughness. By modifying the steel chemistry to include vanadium, some improvement is obtained in this regard. In this work, the influence of different stabilizers and thermomechanical treatments on the toughness of an experimental 18Cr–4V alloy have…
Biosynthetic incorporation of isotopically labelled serines into pramanicin 1 in Stagonospora sp. ATCC 74235 shows that L-serine is incorporated as an intact entity with all four bonds to the α-carbon retained; thus 1 is assigned the 5S absolute configuration.
Abstract Surface tension is a parameter of decisive importance for characterizing painted and unpainted surfaces related to wetting and adhesion phenomena. This article presents measurements of the surface tension of solids by means of an automatic contact angle measurement device. The evaluation of the surface tensio…
The melting behavior of β-SiC with diamond structure was investigated under high pressures up to about 10 GPa using a flash-heating device. The peritectic temperature, at which the SiC decomposes into two phases of carbon saturated liquid Si and solid carbon (graphite) by a peritectic reaction, increases with pressure…
We have observed high-speed third-order nonlinear optical response using organic solutions of π-conjugated low-molecular-weight compounds. Optical Kerr shutter (OKS) measurement, third-harmonic generation (THG) measurement, and a degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) experiment were carried out to examine the high-speed…
A phosphor based on potassium aluminosilicophosphate glass activated with europium (III) and copper (II) has been synthesized. It has been shown that the europium luminescence is quenched by copper ions in the glass.
The application of variable-frequency drives (VFDs) in industrial and commercial facilities has seen a tremendous increase. However, when multiple VFDs are fed from one dedicated power transformer, care should be taken not to drive the transformer into saturation. At one industrial location, nine VFDs rated at 200 HP…
The Mn 2+ -containing oxide Mn 3 Ta 2 O 8 has been synthesised at 1200°C in Ar atmosphere, and its structure has been solved from X-ray synchrotron powder data (λ0.65 Å) by direct methods. The structure was refined by the Rietveld method to R F =6.3%, with space group I4 1 /a, a=11.2728(2), c=9.8030(3) Å, V=1243.47 Å…
X-ray powder diffraction studies revealed that Ag3Ga5Te9 and Ag3In5Se9 crystallize in orthorhombic and tetragonal systems, respectively. The temperature dependent conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been carried out between 65—480 K. Ag3Ga5Te9 exhibits p-type conduction with a room temperature conductivity…
More environmentally acceptable blowing agents, such as hydrochlorofluoro-carbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide have now replaced chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) blowing agents in many rigid polyurethane (PUR) and polyisocyanurate-modified polyurethane (PIR) foam applications. However,…
Crack growth behaviors in continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites have been analyzed in termes of stress intensity factors using the finite-element method. Namely, the effects of Young's modulus ratio, Em/Ef, and fiber volume fraction, Vf, on the stress intensity factors have been investigated. As a resu…
To obtain an improved understanding of the production, development, and transport of crystal fragments during directional solidification of binary alloys, experiments have been performed for an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. For vertical directional solidification (VDS) induced by cooling from below, fragmentatio…
Lead magnesium niobate, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN), has been prepared from aqueous nitrate solutions by freeze-drying and stepwise precipitation using an ammonia solution as the precipitant. Perovskite PMN powders with less than 5% pyrochlore phase were obtained when the resulting precursors were calcined at temperatures…
The chemical structure of two homogeneously doped polyenes, namely poly(propargylalcohol) (PPOH) and poly(N,N-dimethylpropargylamine) (Pd-PDMPA), has been investigated by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The study of FeCl3 and I2 doped PPOH films gave evidence of different chemical states for the dopan…
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Substituted pyridine derivatives (X-py: X=H, 2,4-Me2 , 2-Me, 3-Cl, 3-Br and 4-CN) and bipyridine compounds (2,2′- and 4,4′-pyYpy: –Y–=none, –C2H2 –, –SS– and –C2H4 –) reacted with powdered gel-V2O5 1.6H2O or VOPO4 2H2O suspended in ethanol to afford intercalation compounds. They contained 0.1–0.4 mol of guest molecule…
The smelting of iron ore into metallic iron was first accomplished by primitive blast furnaces approximately three thousand years ago. Improvements in the process over many centuries eventually led to the mass production of iron and to the industrial revolution. The reactions of the blast furnace involve 1) combustion…
With the advances made in clean steel technology in recent times, most current techniques to quantify inclusion contents fail to provide relevant feed-back to process engineering. This is a particular dilemma in that the larger a defect, the more dangerous it is, and the harder it is to find as inclusion size distribu…