Materials Literature
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Metal phosphides, including Ni2P, MoP, WP, and CoP, are novel active hydrotreating catalysts with high potential as high-performance catalysts due to their higher hydrogenation activity, which is essential in the hydrodesulfurization of bulky sulfur-containing molecules and in hydrodenitrogenation, compared to convent…
A ferromagnet (F)–superconductor (S) (F 1 F 2 S) three-layer heterostructure has been studied using Usadel equations with allowance for the pair electron–electron interaction in ferromagnetic layers. The appearance of regions with solitary superconductivity on the phase diagram has been predicted for the antiparallel…
Abstract Both unipolar and bipolar magnetic or electric field pulses have been observed during preparatory stages of a lightning flash. We introduce a new simple analytical model to describe both kinds of pulses. We show how the polarity overshoot depends on the parameters of the model, including the propagation veloc…
Elastic plastic self-consistent (EPSC) simulations are used to model synchrotron X‑ray diffraction observations from deformation experiments on fayalite olivine using the deformation DIA apparatus. Consistent with results from other in situ diffraction studies of monomineralic polycrystals, the results show substantia…
More than 50 yr ago US soil taxonomy was adopted in India. Since then many researchers have contributed their thoughts to enrich the soil taxonomy. The National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS & LUP) (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) as a premier soil survey institute has been consistently us…
Sustained high temperature on transformer insulation systems is one of the main causes of its accelerated degeneration. Continuous monitoring of transformer heat distribution could provide useful information on intensity and location estimation for hottest spot temperature (HST) development. Furthermore, faults will a…
Cultured pearls are human creations formed by inserting a nucleus and a small piece of mantle tissue into a living shelled mollusc, usually a pearl oyster. Although many pearl observations intuitively suggest a possible rotation of the nucleated pearl inside the oyster, no experimental demonstration of such a movement…
In this paper, diffusional surface hardening processes utilized to overcome the poor tribological performance of titanium and its alloys is briefly introduced. More specifically, surface treatments known as thermal oxidation, nitriding and boriding offering the advantage of producing graded surfaces comprising hard co…
A graphene patch reflectarray is proposed for the first time to generate THz wave with orbital angular momentum (OAM). It is shown that by properly assigning the graphene patches with specific reflection coefficients, an OAM-carrying beam can be generated. The graphene reflectarray, which consists of 8 regions and eac…
Silicon heterojunction solar cells critically depend on the detailed properties of their amorphous/crystalline silicon interfaces. We report here on the use of attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to gain precise insight into the vibrational properties of the surfaces and ult…
Basic theoretical propositions on physical modifying effects (vibration, ultrasonic, electromagnetic agitation, and thermal-temporal processing) on the crystallization of casting alloys are generalized. Mathematical calculations and experimental investigations have revealed that the crystallization and structure forma…
Molecular-beam epitaxy is used for the preparation of structures based on “low-temperature” grown GaAs with introduced d-Si doping. Specific features in the photon-energy range of 1.28–1.48 eV are observed in the photoluminescence spectrum after structures annealing at temperatures of 520 and 580°C; these features are…
Laws of the structure formation, as well as the strength properties and thermal stability of vacuum condensates of the Fe-W system have been studied. It has been found that the alloying of iron foils with tungsten to 1 at % makes it possible to disperse the grained structure of the condensates to nanometric dimensiona…
A variant of the distribution of structural vacancies at which the crystal structure of ordered compounds simultaneously has a long-range order and correlation short-range order has been proposed and analyzed. The long-range order determines the fraction of vacancies in the atomic and vacancy sublattices of the supers…
In most future organic photovoltaic applications, such as fixed roof installations, facade or clothing integration, the solar cells will face the sun under varying angles. By a combined simulative and experimental study, we investigate the mutual interdependencies of the angle of light incidence, the absorber layer th…
In this paper, a compact design of the ultra-wideband (UWB) highly directive double slot Vivaldi antenna (DSVA) is presented for microwave application in the frequency range of 2–10 GHz. In order to improve the directivity of the proposed DSVA, the zero index metamaterial (ZIM) unit cells are loaded on the E-plane of…
Techniques are developed to determine the resistance per unit length and the electrical resistivity of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA CNTs) using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). These techniques are used to study the resistance of VA CNTs. The resistance of an individual…
Nowadays, flexible and transparent electronics are receiving much attention in industry and research groups. Aiming at a suitable device for this technology, we present a low-cost and low-temperature integration process for ZnO nanoparticle thin-film transistors using a spray coating technique. An inverted coplanar st…
We report the comparative study of the effect of interaction of nano-second and pico-second laser pulse incident on the solid copper target placed in ambient of air and magnetic field. Larger ablation depth ∼67 μm with clean crater profile is observed in the case of ps-laser pulses compared to ∼31 μm of ablation depth…
Abstract A tough double-network (DN) superabsorbent was synthesized by a two-step method using N , N -methylenebisacrylamide as a covalent cross-linker for one monomer [acrylic acid (AA)], Ca 2+ (CaCl 2 ) as an ionic cross-linker for the other monomer (sodium alginate [SA]) and ammonium peroxodisulfate as the redox in…