Materials Literature
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By measuring the complex dielectric function over 15 decades in frequency we evaluate the scaling of the \ensuremath{\alpha}-relaxation for several glass-forming liquids including propylene carbonate. The temperature dependence of the mean relaxation time and of the relaxation strength of the relaxation function displ…
We have observed a new type of magnetic linear dichroism in angle-resolved, spin-integrated photoemission: For p-polarized light under oblique incidence the Fe 3p core level peak position and line shape change when the sample magnetization is reversed. Spin-resolved measurements show that the effect is due to spin-orb…
The motion of the bubble radius and of the air trapped inside the bubble during sonoluminescence are determined self-consistently by coupling the solution of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation governing the bubble radius to the solution of Euler's equations for the motion of air in the bubble. Results are presented for thr…
Abstract The experimentally measured angular distribution of electrons elastically backscattered from polycrystalline or amorphous solids exhibts a strong resemblance to the differential cross‐section for single‐atom elastic scattering. Consequently most analytical attempts to describe the problem, which involve some…
Abstract A combined Auger, EDX and SEM surface imaging study of the initial stages of pitting corrosion is presented. Examples of different pitting initiation situations are shown and the importance of multi‐technique imaging to interpret the results is demonstrated. The information provided by the images is compared…
Abstract X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy of cerium oxides is discussed. The well‐resolved 3d 3/2 (5d 6s) 0 4f 0 2p 6 peak at 916.70 eV cannot be used for calculating the amount of reduction because the correlation between its intensity and the concentration of Ce(IV) and CE(III) species is not liner. We have therefor…
The guided-mode resonance characteristics of planar dielectric waveguide gratings with arbitrary grating slant are discussed. These all-dielectric structures can operate as high- efficiency, narrow-line reflective filters. Expressions and graphs defining the resonance regimes and the resonance locations and their sepa…
Advances in the deposition process have led to dramatic improvements in the electronic properties of polycrystalline diamond films produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It is now possible to produce CVD diamond with properties approaching those of IIa natural diamonds. The combined electron-hole mobility, as me…
ABSTRACT Producing well water samples from the Prudhoe Bay Eastern Operating Area were evaluated with respect to the fraction of seawater in the sample. The evaluation demonstrated that the previous method of using magnesium or sulfate to determine percent seawater was in error. Because the water contains acetic acid,…
Abstract A main theme of this book is the behaviour of the conductivity of metals and semiconductors when the mean free path k is of order a, the distance between atoms or scattering centres. In this case the assumption of single scattering on which the Boltzmann formula (eqn (1.4)) is based breaks down. One way of tr…
A microscopic model is used to discuss the long-range ordering behaviour of the oxygen vacancies in mullite. This aluminosilicate of composition Al 2 (Al 2+2x Si 2-2x )O 10-x (vacancy) x presents an extremely stable incommensurate modulated structure with a wave vector Q Ic (x) which depends on the composition index x…
alpha-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase was inactivated irreversibly and completely during oxidation of alpha-ketoadipic acid. The inactivation was revealed both in the model system with ferricyanide and in the overall reaction catalyzed by the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Neither substrate depletion nor produ…
A program has been initiated under the sponsorship of the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Industrial Technology, to improve the performance of stationary gas turbines in cogeneration through the selective replacement of metallic hot section parts with uncooled ceramic components. It is envisioned that the succes…
The partial crystallization and melting of the Se sublattice in the superionic conductor Ag2Se are investigated by means of a constant-pressure and constant-temperature molecular dynamics simulation. The effective interionic potential of Rino et al. (1988) is used. The transition temperature is estimated to be about 1…
We explain the counterintuitive result that increased short-range order reduces the conductivity in ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{0.8}$${\mathrm{Mo}}_{0.2}$ and suggest an explanation for the ``K-state'' effect, in which severe deformation can significantly increase conductivity.
The stability of the luminescence from porous Si has been improved by rapid thermal oxidation. As-prepared and oxidized samples have been compared by cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence. Electron beam excitation resulted in rapid decay of the porous Si emission from as-prepared samples. Photoluminescence measure…
The fabrication technology and the properties of a light-emitting device including a porous pn junction are presented. We employ the selective formation of different kinds of porous silicon substructures caused by the doping level and the illumination during anodization. The device has a nanoporous light-emitting n la…
On the basis of the anionic group theory, a new nonlinear optical crystal cesium triborate, (CsB3O5, CBO) was discovered. Single crystals of CBO in centimeter size were grown from a stoichiometric melt. The transparent range of CBO covers from 170 to 3000 nm. The preliminary measurement of its second harmonic generati…
Abstract Thin polymeric films were deposited from siloxane plasma on the surface of polyethylene. The surface composition of the films was measured by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the permeability to O 2 by an analytic gas permeability fractometer. No significant improvement of barrier to O 2 was observe…
Presents the fundamental science needed to understand the classification of materials and the limits of their properties in terms of temperature, strength, ductility, corrosion and physical behaviour, while emphasizing materials processing, selection and property measurement methods.