Materials Literature
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Abstract As a result of increasing demands on the product profile of solid detergent products, the requirements on the ingredients and the manufacturing process for these components are growing as well. A suitable way to achieve the objectives embraces the transformation to a granulated product with tailor‐made proper…
In a wet cleaning process, it is an important and difficult task to dry wafer completely without generating oxide residues and water marks after the HF process. In order to obtain ideal wafer surface after the HF process, the condition of the rinse step is as important as that of the dry step. For example, in a single…
When preparing an alternating sequence of magnetic (Co or Ni) and non-magnetic (Cu) layers by electrodeposition using the two-pulse plating technique, a dissolution of the less-noble magnetic Co and Ni atoms can take place during the deposition of the more noble and non-magnetic Cu atoms. This process results in chang…
We propose a magnetic force control device consisting of laminate composites of magnetostrictive material and piezoelectric material. The magnetic force control is based on energy conversion in the composite, such that the variation of magnetization of the magnetostrictive material induced by the piezoelectric materia…
The unique mechanical and electronic structure of Carbon nanomaterials has made them good candidates for use in biosystems. Biomolecule‐functionalized carbon nanomaterials have been of interest in many chemical and biochemical areas in both fundamentals and application. Bioconjugates consisting of carbon nanomaterials…
The X-ray diffraction technique has greatly improved our understanding of the function and properties of filamentous systems of biological and organic polymers by providing structural information at a molecular level. Although X-ray diffraction remains the primary method for determining fiber structures, neutron diffr…
The UK environmental e-science initiative supports the development and modification of simulation tools used to study radiation damage effects. We discuss the development and modification to the DL_POLY molecular dynamics (MD) code. Using the newly developed tools, we study the effects of radiation damage related to t…
Atmospheric radio frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) is used as the high temperature heat source in this containerless method to measure the surface tension and viscosity of high melting point materials. Dynamics of melting, droplet formation, and drop detachment of a rod exposed to RF plasma are recorded.…
A time-resolved cathodo-and photoluminescence study of nanostructural modifications of Al2O3 (powders and ceramics) excited by heavy-current electron beams, as well as by pulsed synchrotron radiation, is reported. It was found that Al2O3 nanopowders probed before and after Fe+ ion irradiation have the same phase compo…
Founded in 1683 in Leiden, the Netherlands, Brill is a leading international academic publisher in the Humanities, Social Sciences, International Law, and Biology. With offices in the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, the USA and Asia, Brill today publishes more than 360 journals and 2,000 new books and reference works e…
A review (81 references mainly from the period 2000-2003) concerning new thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) combining, in the defined temperature range, the properties of chemically cured rubbers with facility of processing and recycling of thermoplastic polymers. Four groups of such products were singled out, namely: blo…
Abstract Recently the focused ion beam (FIB) tool has been successfully used to prepare site-specific geological specimens for subsequent analysis by TEM, and as a stand-alone instrument for micromachining of materials such as diamond. FIB enables to prepare a TEM foil from the specific location of interest. TEM foils…
The National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program, located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), coordinates and integrates national efforts in management and disposal of US Department of Energy (DOE)-owned spent nuclear fuel. These management functions include development of standardised systems for long-term disposal in the…
We report the theoretical and experimental investigations on the magnetocaloric effect in the PrAl2 and NdAl2 compounds and a composite of these compounds for use as an active magnetic regenerator. The theoretical calculations were performed considering the crystalline electrical field anisotropy and the magnetocalori…
Pitting corrosion in many important industrial materials such as stainless steels (SS) and aluminum alloys causes significant damage in terms of material loss or resulting accidents. Organic surfactants such as N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt (NLS) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) have been tested as possible pitting co…
This paper is concerned with how the superposition principle can be applied to the determination of steady state 3-D ac field distributions. All the electrodes of the configuration being calculated are considered to be set at alternating voltages of the same frequency but with possible different amplitudes and phases.…
Hydrogen trapping sites in hydrogenated nanostructured graphite (HNG) prepared by mechanical milling under hydrogen atmosphere were intensively studied with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). Measurements of σ- and π-plasmon dispersion and 1 s →2 p * excitation spectra…
Y 2 SiO 5 :Tb 3+ thin film phosphors were deposited on flat and corrugated quartz glass plates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) techniques in an attempt to use them in field emission displays (FED). As a preliminary step, cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence was monitored as a function of several processing param…
Thin nanocrystalline diamond/amorphous carbon (NCD/a‐C) composite films were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MWCVD) from methane/nitrogen gas mixtures. The investigation of the basic films properties (crystallinity, morphology, composition, structure, etc.) showed that the layers are composed o…
Development of optimum system configurations for ships using scale models (physical scale modelling) The purpose of this fundamental study was to establish optimum cathodic corrosion protection system configurations for ship hulls. Comprehensive surveys were conducted in order to develop a better understanding of the…