Materials Literature
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Brightness traces of the solidification of highly undercooled Ta and Re droplets processed in an ultrahigh vacuum drop tube give evidence of two successive phase transformations. First-principles calculations of the structural stability of these metals are developed in order to appreciate the possibilities of obtainin…
A simple dynamical criterion for crystallization of a colloidal fluid which undergoes Brownian motion is proposed, similar in spirit to the classic Lindemann melting rule. It states that the ratio of the long-time and short-time self-diffusion coefficients is a universal number very close to 0.1 along the freezing lin…
Abstract Pitting corrosion of carbon steel in CO2 environments occurs mostly in high turbulence regimes. Several experimental investigations have been conducted to achieve a better understanding of the complex phenomenon of flow induced localized attack. In this work, a theoretical model is developed to predict the ex…
Abstract Various aspects of the mechanism of CO2 corrosion are reviewed, together with a discussion about the validity of a number of simplifications which can be used with models for predicting the corrosion rate. A "worst case" rate can often be predicted. To this end a number of parameters has been identified, the…
Abstract Mechanical and surface properties of injection‐molded specimens for miscible and immiscible blends of ABS with PMMA were investigated. Regardless of miscibility, hardness, modulus, and strength of the blends generally showed a smooth variation with composition, with the possible exception of impact strength.…
The author has studied the martensitic transformations and related phenomena, such as shape memory and superelasticity effects, in various ferrous and non-ferrous alloys for 41 years after graduation from a university in 1951. Main research results obtained by his group in the recent 41 years are introduced referring…
A thorough knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of biodegradable polymers of lactide/glycolides and their delivery systems is a much needed but usually missing asset in formulating high efficiency delivery systems for drugs and polypeptides. Polymer properties including chemical composition, sterioisomeric for…
Abstract Acidic oxygen‐containing and basic nitrogen‐containing functional groups were incorporated onto thin films formed by plasma polymerization of acrylic acid and allylamine in a lowpressure glow discharge. ESCA, ATR–FTIR spectroscopy, and static contact‐angle measurements confirmed the presence of these function…
Pseudomonas oleovorans is able to accumulate poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) under conditions of excess n-alkanes, which serve as sole energy and carbon source, and limitation of an essential nutrient such as ammonium. In this study we aimed at an efficient production of these PHAs by growing P. oleovorans to high ce…
Recrystallization of the solid Cd(10)S(4)(SC(6)H(5))(12) from a solution of pyridine and N, N-di-methylformamide (DMF) results in the formation of the cluster Cd(32)S(14)(SC(6)H(5))(36)-DMF(4) as pale yellow cubes. The structure consists of an 82-atom CdS core that is a roughly spherical piece of the cubic sphalerite…
ABSTRACT Trace amounts of metal chelant additives, commonly used in stimulation and fracture fluids, have been shown to have a debilitating effect upon the performance of widely used barium sulfate scale inhibitors. EDTA and citric and gluconic acids render examples of some commonly used scale inhibitors (phosphonates…
Abstract A new and reliable Oilfield Scale Prediction Model (OSPMod) has been developed and is presented. Unlike the available models which predict only scaling potential using thermodynamics and limited solubility data, OSPMod predicts the potential and deposition profile based on extensive thermodynamic and kinetic…
ABSTRACT The effectiveness of commercially available scale dissolvers for removing mineral scales from reservoir cores was studied in the laboratory. Fluids and preserved cores from a major North Sea reservoir were used. Equipment and procedures were developed to reproducibly deposit scale in reservoir cores. Then, th…
Schlippe's salt (sodium thioantimonate nonahydrate—Na 3 SbS 4 ·9H 2 O) has been investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction at room temperature. The indexed X-ray powder diffraction data are presented.
Studies of core debris interaction with concrete have been extensive over the last decade. These studies have reached a climax in recent tests of the interactions of prototypical melts of UO2, ZrO2, zirconium, and stainless steel with concrete. Zirconium metal has been found to have profound effects on melt interactio…
The characteristics of silver enhancement of immunogold staining at the electron microscopy level were evaluated. Five differently sized gold particles (1,5,15,30 and 40 nm) were tested for 10 different enhancement durations (1–17 min) with atrial natriuretic peptide in rat atria as a model. We found that the size of…
The structure of aldose reductase, a monomeric enzyme of 314 amino acids which crystallizes in space group P1 with four monomers per asymmetric unit, has been solved using a combination of single isomorphous replacement (SIR), solvent flattening and local symmetry averaging. The self rotation showed evidence of 222 lo…
The reactor for the planned Advanced Neutron Source uses closely spaced fuel plates cooled by water flowing through narrow channels. A series of tests are being conducted on the structural response of the proposed fuel plates to the required high-coolant flow velocities. Results from tests on additional fuel plate ass…
The potential of a South African coal, Bosjesspruit, as a precursor for a phosphoric acid-activated carbon has been assessed using the adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K and mercury porosimetry. Column cleaning of the coal by froth flotation reduced the ash content from 22 to 12 wt.% and caused maceral separtion, resultin…
Abstract This article describes the various tests that should be considered in the chemical stability testing of drugs prepared in hospital pharmacy. The requirement for a stability indicating analytical method to carry out such tests is emphasised.