Materials Literature
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The oxidation kinetics of copper thin films have been studied at temperatures below 200 °C in air. The protection of copper from oxidation can be achieved by alloying copper film with Ti, Pd, Cr, or Al. The influence of the composition and microstructure to the oxidation rate has been studied. The compounds Cu3Ti, Cu3…
The present review on thermal stresses in materials with temperature-dependent properties focuses on papers published after 1980. The thermal and mechanical properties in materials subjected to thermal loads due to high temperature, high gradient temperature, and cyclical changes of temperature are dependent on temper…
Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations have been carried out on a two-component Lennard-Jones system, quenched into supercooled and amorphous states. Two different regimes of viscous behavior are found in the time window accessible in MD simulation studies (of the order of nanoseconds if units appropriate for argon are u…
The corrosion inhibition of nickel in acid solutions by 2-(triphenyl phosphoranylidene) succinic anhydride (2TPSA) has been investigated using DC and AC techniques. The percentage inhibition was up to 85 percent at a concentration of 400 μ/W of 2TPSA. The inhibitor used was found (1) to shift the corrosion potential t…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural analysis of polymer-protected palladium/platinum bimetallic clusters as dispersed catalysts by using extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopyNaoki Toshima, Masafumi Harada, Tetsu Yonezawa, Kakuta Kushihashi, and Kiyotaka AsakuraCite this: J. Phys. Che…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly oxidation resistant inorganic-porphyrin analog polyoxometalate oxidation catalysts. 1. The synthesis and characterization of aqueous-soluble potassium salts of .alpha.2-P2W17O61(Mn+.cntdot.OH2)(n-10) and organic solvent soluble tetra-n-butylammonium salts of .alpha.2-…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereocomplex formation between enantiomeric poly(lactic acid)s. 3. Calorimetric studies on blend films cast from dilute solutionHideto Tsuji, Suong Hyu Hyon, and Yoshito IkadaCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 20, 5651–5656Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publicat…
Abstract Almost three decades ago, the field of nonlinear optics evolved with the discovery of lasers. In the beginning, nonlinear optical (NLO) phenomena were investigated in inorganic materials, leading to the development of traditional NLO materials such as lithium niobate, potassium titanyl phosphate, quartz and g…
A lipophilic interior and a hydrophilic surface characterize ammonium [82.3] micellanoates, which are cascade polymers that contain only sp3Catoms and CH2 groups in the interior and CO groups on the surface. The micellar properties have been investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and by electron a…
The thermoelectric properties of N-type and P-type Si-Ge alloys have been reviewed and detailed calculations for the efficiency of a thermoelectric generator made from a 70% Si-30% Ge alloy have been made over the temperature range from 300 to 1300 K. A model employing one valence band and two conduction bands has bee…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyimide derived from 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl. 1. Synthesis and characterization of polyimides prepared with 2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride or pyromellitic dianhydrideTohru Matsuura, Yoshinori Hasuda, Shiro Nishi, and Noriy…
A review is given of the formation, the crystal structure and the magnetic properties of several classes of rare earth based intermetallic compounds that lend themselves as starting materials of permanent magnets. These compounds include R 2 Fe 14 B, R 2 Fe 14 C and R 2 Co 14 B and the large class of ternary rare eart…
One of the (Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 )TiO 3 (BNT)-based solid solutions, Ba-modified bismuth sodium titanate, (Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 ) 1- x Ba x TiO 3 (BNBT), is studied for its dielectric and piezoelectric properties as a new group of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. A rhombohedral (F α )-tetragonal (F β ) morphotropic phase boundary…
X-ray phase analysis was used for studying the reduction reaction of some metals by mechanicals alloying (MA) and solid state reaction. It is shown that it is possible to obtain both amorphous (Mo, W) and crystalline (Pb) metals as a result of such processes. An assumption is set forth that the amorphous state of meta…
The structure of a non-stoichiometric copper compound Cu 1.8 S (digenite) has been studied by X-ray diffraction. Although digenite has a cubic anti-fluorite structure, satellite reflections were seen along the (111) c axis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, including first- and second-order satellites, were colle…
Thin films ranging from 400 nm to 4 μm thickness of poly( p-phenylene biphenyltetracarboximide) (BPDA-PDA), prepared by thermal imidization of the precursor poly(amic acid) on substrates, have been investigated by the optical waveguide spectroscopy. These polyimide films, most prominent for potential applications as t…
Detailed information on the electronic structure of the neutral substitutional gold center in silicon (${\mathrm{Au}}^{0}$) has been revealed from Zeeman studies of the donor and acceptor excitation spectra at 793 and 611 meV, respectively. The center is paramagnetic, S=1/2, with ${\mathit{g}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pa…
The potential at which conducting polymers can be electrochemically doped to the conducting state shifts slowly then the material is maintained in the insulating state. A logarithmic law for the shift as a function of the wait time in the insulating state has been observed over the range ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}…
We have developed a novel computational scheme that allows direct numerical simulation of polymer-colloid mixtures at constant osmotic pressure. Using this technique, we have studied the entropic attraction that is caused by ideal polymers dissolved in a simple (hard-sphere) colloidal dispersion. In particular, we stu…
Abstract Weather‐induced degradation of polymer properties is caused by all the factors of weather, which include solar radiation, temperature, humidity, wind, rain, environmental pollutants, thermal cycling (cold night and hot days), and sand abrasion. Linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) is exposed to natural wea…