Materials Literature
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The present study concerns a work on the investigation of the effect of the dehydration temperature on the dissolution process of a boron mineral, ulexite, in sulfuric acid solution. In the experiments, the dehydration temperature and dissolution temperature were chosen as the parameters. First, the dehydration of ule…
The use of synchrotron radiation diffraction (SRD) in con‐junction with conventional laboratory X‐ray diffraction (XRD) for analyzing the phase assemblage of selected alu‐mina‐based ceramics is described. This paper outlines the benefits of synchrotron powder diffraction in resolving mi‐norand impurity phases in vario…
The crystal structure of the deuterated acid form of zeolite Y with adsorbed cyclohexane (∼1 molecule/supercage) has been determined by powder neutron diffraction at 5 K. The structure was refined by the Rietveld least-squares method in the cubic space group Fd 3 m [ a = 24.711(2) Å, R p = 3.13%, R wp = 4.28%]. Deuter…
Abstract In coal‐fired combustion systems solid calcium species may be present as ash components or limestone added to the combustion chamber. In this study heterogeneous reactions involving HCN over seven different limestones were investigated in a laboratory fixed‐bed quartz reactor at 873–1,173 K. Calcined limeston…
Abstract Two orienting techniques for stiffening semicrystalline polymers, rolling and die‐drawing, are compared with respect to the anisotropy they produce in isotactic polypropylene (PP). Billets of PP were either drawn at 145°C through a tapered slotted die in the Leeds large‐scale die‐drawing machine to reduction…
Comfort is a major selling point for clothes, and tactile comfort is essential; a fabric must be pleasant to the touch. Several textile finishing processes improve fabric touch: sanding (or emerizing) (for 30% of clothes) and raising (for polar fleece, a current popular product), for example. There is no current contr…
Thermomechanical treatments (TMT) are used to modify the microstructure of austenite or martensite by introducing lattice defects and 1 or particles of a second phase. The temperature range extends between T 1 Md (pure ausforming) and T I Mf (pure marforming). In the intermediate range (Mf < T < Md) a more complex beh…
There is a need in the x-ray imaging community for phosphors with short persistence (I /Ib<0.1 to 0.01% in less than 0.5 ms). Persistence limits a detector’s performance by defining the minimum xray exposure discernible for a given time after a previous exposure, by ghosting of previous images, and by limiting the dyn…
Ultrasonic emulsification of oil and water was carried out and the effect of position of the ultrasound source from the interface on emulsion quality was studied using ultrasonic bath and horn. Correlations for the effect of distance of the ultrasound source from the interface on various emulsion properties such as di…
Discussed are: (i) experimental results for the variation of the oxygen content, the electrical conductivity and the iron tracer diffusion in fayalite, Fe2SiO4, (ii) the relationship between point defects, the deviation from stoichiometry, δ, in Fe3−δO4 and the iron tracer diffusion, (iii) the deviation from stoichiom…
Novel liquid crystalline Low Molecular Mass (LMM) materials bearing two chiral lactate groups, as well as compounds of like structure to MHPOBC have been synthesized. All the LMM compounds exhibit the SmC*A (antiferroelectric) and/or SmC*gamma (ferrielectric) phases. The mesogens have been incorporated as pendant grou…
Optimization study on drying condition ofdurian leather was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization was conducted for two different dryers, oven dryer and forced-air cabinet dryer, with temperature and time of drying as independent variables. It was shown that both variables significantl…
Exact matrix representations for refraction and reflection at an interface between arbitrarily oriented biaxial media and for the wave propagation within a biaxial homogeneous medium are derived. Based on the understanding of the optics in the bulk and at the interface, the relations among the exact 4×4 matrix method…
Abstract The transversal 1 H NMR relaxation of the bound rubber shell of carbon black loaded elastomers can be decomposed into three relaxation regimes corresponding to the loosely bound rubber, the rubber that is immobilized on the carbon black surface and a third component of intermediate mobility. The relaxation ti…
The effects of elevated levels of dissolved carbon dioxide (dCO2), produced by gassing with CO2-enriched gas mixtures, upon an industrial strain of Aspergillus niger (strain A60) producing citrate and gluconate were quantitatively assessed. Particular attention was paid to the reliability and accuracy of the steam-ste…
Experiments were performed with binary metal alloys to validate a continuum mixture model for alloy solidification. Ingots of two compositions, Pb-20%Sn and Pb-40%Sn, were cast in a permanent mold, and the solidification process was simulated. Temperature histories were measured during casting, and composition profile…
Localized corrosion phenomena, including pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and corrosion fatigue, are the principal causes of corrosion-induced damage in electric power-generating facilities and typically result in more than 50 percent of the unscheduled outages. In this paper, we describe a deterministic…
The use of collagen as a biomedical implant raises safety issues with regard to viruses and prions. Specific chemical agents that inactivate prion infectivity could be applied to collagen implants. The physicochemical changes and the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of collagen treated by formic acid (FA), triflu…
Electrochemical studies were performed on LaNi 5 − x Ge x metal hydride alloys with 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.5 . We carried out single‐electrode studies to understand the effects of the Ge substituent on the hydrogen absorption characteristics, the electrochemical capacity, and the electrochemical kinetics of hydrogen absorption and…
A variety of smectic phase diagrams involving smectic-isotropic and smectic-nematic-isotropic transitions have been calculated based on a combination of Flory–Huggins (FH) theory for isotropic mixing and Maier–Saupe–McMillan (MSM) theory for smectic-A ordering of liquid crystals (LC). To describe the mesophase transit…