Materials Literature
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Hollow polymeric nanospheres (see Figure) are directly obtained by polymerization of acrylic acid monomers inside micelles comprised of a biopolymer with amino groups, (chitosan) and an organic monomer with carboxylic group (acrylic acid). In this approach, the nanospheres form in aqueous solution without the aid of s…
In an electric field, the flow of electrons in a solid produces an entropy current in addition to the familiar charge current. This Peltier effect underlies all thermoelectric refrigerators. The upsurge in thermoelectric cooling applications has led to a search for more efficient Peltier materials and to renewed theor…
We calculate the inelastic lifetime of an electron quasiparticle due to Coulomb interactions in an electron liquid at low (or zero) temperature in two and three spatial dimensions. The contribution of "exchange" processes is calculated analytically and is shown to be non-negligible even in the high-density limit in tw…
Within a rather general tight-binding framework, we studied the magnetic properties of Ni$_{n}$ clusters with $n=9$ through 60. In addition to usual hopping, exchange, and spin-orbit coupling terms, our Hamiltonian also included orbital correlation and valence orbital shift of surface atoms. We show that orbital momen…
We have performed field-swept 59Co NMR measurements on the 'exotic' spin-chain material, Ca3Co2O6, crystallizing in K4CdCl6-type rhombohedral structure, believed to exhibit two magnetic transition temperatures (around 24 and 12 K). This is the first NMR investigation of this family of compounds. We are able to detect…
We propose a model for the description of the transport properties of metallic films on a large scale of slab thickness. This model is based on solving the linearized Boltzmann equation in relaxation-time approximation using {\it ab initio} calculations within the framework of the density functional theory. The expres…
We discuss the key principles of artificial photosynthesis for photovoltaic energy conversion. We demonstrate these principles by examining the operation of the so-called "dye sensitized solar cell" (DSSC) - a photoelectrochemical device which simulates the charge separation process across a nano-structured membrane t…
Backwards-wave (BW) materials that have simultaneously negative real parts of their electric permittivity and magnetic permeability can support waves where phase and power propagation occur in opposite directions. These materials were predicted to have many unusual electromagnetic properties, among them amplification…
Hollow spheres of well‐ordered mesoporous carbon (see Figure) may be obtained via a simple chemical vapor deposition route, which utilizes mesoporous silica SBA‐15 as a solid template and suitable organic compounds (e.g., styrene) as the carbon source.
Left-handed-helical nanoropes are formed from higher-order self-assemblies of chiral aggregates during the gelation of a rigid π-conjugated oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) with remote chiral handles (see picture; R=C12H25). The concentration- and temperature-dependent CD-signal changes observed for these assemblies are ind…
The most desirable features of PbS nanocrystal (NC) synthesis are demonstrated in a new one‐stage route: Aqueous synthesis to enable compatibility with biological assays and polymer–nanocrystal device fabrication; simplicity; non‐toxic solvents; and moderate reaction temperatures. The NCs produced (see Figure) have st…
Silicon nanoparticles (NPs) of ∼4.5(1.10) nm from a room-temperature solution route are terminated by a silanization method for the first time. Energy-selected emission is observed, consistent with the distribution of sizes obtained by this route. The NPs are photochemically stable in nonpolar organic solvents and whe…
Historically most materials in magnetic applications are based on inorganic materials. Recently, however, organic and molecular materials have begun to show increasing promise. Purely organic ferromagnets, based upon nitronyl nitroxide radicals, show long range magnetic order at very low temperatures in the region of…
A cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries is one possible application for the birnessite‐related layered MnO 2 nanobelts (see Figure) reported here. A simple hydrothermal procedure is described that results in high‐purity, long (up to several tens of micrometers) nanobelts with narrow size dispersion (widt…
Unison is a new class of highly counterfeit and simulation resistant micro-optic security films that provide a wide range of overt, unique, and highly visible three-dimensional and fluidic motion visual effects for currency, document, and product authentication by the general public. Unlike holograms, interference fil…
In differential analysis, noises may induce high fluctuations in the differential thermogravimetric curve (DTG) curve and thereby induce considerable errors in the evaluation of kinetic parameters. This paper studies the strategy of using the Gaussian smoothing algorithm in the pretreatment of biomass decomposition da…
The reconstruction in air of passive films on iron formed at −0.4 V in a borate buffer solution was investigated by STM and galvanostatic cathodic reduction. With exposure to air (<30% RH), the apparent thickness rapidly increased in initial stages until a critical exposure duration of about 130 min, and after a trans…
Abstract Polysilphenylenesiloxanes containing various amounts of vinyl substituents (ranging from partial (25 %) to complete (100 %)) on the silicon atoms were synthesized. 29 Si NMR spectroscopy revealed that they had a well defined structure, as designed. Unlike the known crystalline poly(tetramethyl‐ p ‐silphenylen…
Single crystals of 4-dimethylamino pyridinium dihydrogen phosphate (DMAPDP) (C 7 H 13 N 2 PO 4 ) were successfully grown for the first time by the slow evaporation method at constant temperature (30 °C) at a pH of 4.45 with dimensions 15 × 13 × 2 mm 3 . The solubility was found to be high in water and so the crystalli…
The C(1)-symmetrical complex [Ru(bpy)(2)(ieil)][PF(6)](2) exhibits unique electrochemical and photophysical properties, and forms discrete dimers in solution and in the solid state held by weak pi-pi stacking interactions via its isoeilatin ligand, preferentially from one of its faces and in a specific orientation.