Materials Literature
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A new method for the delamination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is described: large quantities of LDHs containing glycine are rapidly delaminated in formamide, and the translucent colloidal solutions are stable to centrifuge and long-term storage.
Chitosan films, varying in molecular weight and degree of deacetylation, were prepared by a casting technique using acetic acid as a dissolving vehicle. The physicochemical properties of the films were characterized. Both molecular weight and degree of deaceylation affected the film properties. Powder X-ray diffractio…
It is a relatively new approach to generate tissues with mammalian cells and scaffolds (temporary synthetic extracellular matrices). Many tissues, such as nerve, muscle, tendon, ligament, blood vessel, bone, and teeth, have tubular or fibrous bundle architectures and anisotropic properties. In this work, we have desig…
Microbial degradation of urea was investigated as a potential geochemical catalyst for Ca carbonate precipitation and associated solid phase capture of common groundwater contaminants (Sr, UO2, Cu) in laboratory batch experiments. Bacterial degradation of urea increased pH and promoted Ca carbonate precipitation in bo…
This book contains information on the chemistry, physics, process technology, applications and markets for man-made cellulosic fibres. It covers the properties and applications of viscose rayon, cuprammonium rayon and the new solvent-spun fibres as well as considering their relationships with the natural cellulosics s…
Fine CoFe2O4 powders with monodisperse, almost equi-axial nanometer-sized particles were synthesised in a polyol medium by forced hydrolysis of ionic Co(II) and Fe(III) salts at 160 °C. K(Co) XANES and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy show that the structure of this ferrite is slightly deviated from an inverse spinel struc…
Microstructural evolution of commercial grade pure magnesium was studied during plastic deformation by torsion under high pressure at ambient temperature and by compression at temperatures ranging from 293 to 773 K and at a strain rate of 3×10−3 s−1. Grain refinement takes place by operation of dynamic recrystallizati…
Abstract A system of terms applicable to ordered microporous and mesoporous materials is proposed, and rules for writing a standardized crystal chemical formula for such materials are presented. The recommendations are based both on common usage and on a systematic classification scheme. The nomenclature has been deve…
Aerogels, which are nanoscale mesoporous materials of low density and high surface area, have been well studied as thermal insulators, heterogeneous catalysts, and novel particle or radiation detectors. Now, electrically conducting oxide aerogels are being explored as new materials in electrochemistry and for their in…
This article provides an overview of biopolymers, classed according to their chemical structures, function and occurrence, the principles of biosynthesis and metabolism in organisms. It will then focus on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) for which technical applications in several areas are currently considered. PHAs repre…
From a two-phase mixture of water and oil (either commercial fuel or pure organic solvent), a simple amino acid derivative, N-lauroyl-L-alanine has been shown to be able to gelate the oil phase selectively; SEM and FT-IR provided molecular level insights into the process of gelation.
By thermal decomposition of metal salts, palladium, platinum, silver and gold nanoparticles, with average size of 7 nm, 8 nm, 17 nm and 8 nm, respectively, were grown on carbon nanotubes. TEM observations showed that most of the nanoparticles synthesized stuck on the outer surface of the carbon nanotubes. The size of…
The nitrilase superfamily consists of thiol enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis and post-translational modification in plants, animals, fungi and certain prokaryotes. On the basis of sequence similarity and the presence of additional domains, the superfamily can be classified into 13 branches, nine of whi…
The development of intimal hyperplasia (IH) near the anastomosis of a vascular graft to artery is directly related to changes in the wall shear rate distribution. Mismatch in compliance and diameter at the end-to-end anastomosis of a compliant artery and rigid graft cause shear rate disturbances that may induce intima…
Because of many suitable properties, collagen sponges are used as an acellular implant or a biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering. Generally, the inner three-dimensional structure of the sponges influences the behavior of cells. To investigate this influence, it is necessary to develop a process to produce sp…
The grain boundary electrical properties of high purity ceramic materials doped with 2, 3, and 8 mol % and 8 mol % co-doped with 0.4 mol % were studied in the temperature range of 200 to 500°C by electrochemical techniques and were theoretically analyzed. Although the presence of a siliceous phase is shown to be a maj…
pH-Controlled encapsulation in and release of macromolecules from polyelectrolyte capsules of a few microns in diameter is demonstrated. Capsules were prepared via alternating adsorption of the oppositely charged polymers poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(styrene sulfonate) onto decomposable melamin formaldehyde…
The melting and freezing of water in a series of mesoporous silica materials with a hexagonal arrangement of unidimensional cylindrical pores and narrow pore-size distribution (MCM-41 with pore diameters from 2.9 to 3.7 nm, and SBA-15 with pore diameters from 4.4 to 11.7 nm) was studied by differential scanning calori…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTConformational Stability of Collagen Relies on a Stereoelectronic EffectLynn E. Bretscher, Cara L. Jenkins, Kimberly M. Taylor, Michele L. DeRider, and Ronald T. RainesView Author Information Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry and Graduate Program in Biophysics,…
Light modulation mechanisms liquid crystal materials homogeneous cells pi cells homeotropic cells hybrid aligned nematic cells twisted nematic cells super twisted nematic cells guest-house cells cholesteric reflective displays liquid crystal and polymer composites system aspects of reflective displays.