Materials Literature
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Abstract Reactions of dihalogenoquinones or dihalogenoquinoxalines with thioamides gave the corresponding 1,4‐dithiines in high yields. Many of polycyclic 1,4‐dithiin derivatives can be synthesized by the reactions of dihalogenoheterocycles with thioamides, and they are useful as pigments and functional materials for…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRietveld analysis of sodium tungstate hydrate NaxWO3+x/2.cntdot.yH2O, which has the hexagonal tungsten bronze structureKenneth P. Reis, E. Prince, and M. Stanley WhittinghamCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 2, 307–312Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History P…
Cohesive elasticity is the grade-3 theory of elasticity developed by Mindlin in 1965. It has a modulus of cohesion that gives rise to surface-tension. The concept of adhesion is introduced, and interfacial energies and energy of adhesion are defined. The interfacial energy solution may also be used to define a grain b…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModulation of chain conformation of spiropyran-containing poly(L-lysine) by combined action of visible light and solventOsvaldo Pieroni, Adriano Fissi, Alessandro Viegi, Daniele Fabbri, and Francesco CiardelliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 7, 2734–2736Publication Da…
We have developed a combined calorimetric/electron microscopic technique for determining several fundamental properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films. Calorimetry allows us to determine the solubility limit of liquid crystal in the polymer matrix as well as the fraction of liquid crystal which is di…
A method to determine high dielectric constants as in ferroelectrics by a network analyzer up to 6GHz is presented. The dielectric relaxation of PZT at about IGHz was investigated in a temperature range between 90K and 380K. The relaxation frequency is independent of temperature, but depends on the Ti-Zr ratio. At 5GH…
Homeotropically aligned gels were obtained by photo-induced cross linking of a liquid crystalline (LC) mixture containing LC diacrylates and conventional LC molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The gels produced in this way were very clear as observed from all directions. When an electric field was applied a…
Abstract Vulcanizates, to which a curative is added by swelling, can be recured to easily study a variety of aspects of the vulcanization process, such as maturation, reversion, and even how much accelerator remains active as its zinc salt at the end of the cure. In effect, vulcanizates can be viewed as high-molecular…
Abstract Crop yields are sometimes reduced on irrigated calcareous soils with elevated lime concentrations. This study was conducted to determine the influence of lime on P availability. The effects of acid‐equivalent lime concentrations and P fertilization rates on NaHCO 3 ‐soluble P, anion resin‐extractable P, P‐ads…
On the basis of the molecular evolution of hen egg white, human, and turkey lysozymes, three replacements (Trp62 with Tyr, Asn37 with Gly, and Asp101 with Gly) were introduced into the active-site cleft of hen egg white lysozyme by site-directed mutagenesis. The replacement of Trp62 with Tyr led to enhanced bacterioly…
The importance of interfiber friction in determining yarn strength has been acknowledged by several authors. Studies of the effect of friction on yarn strength were often based on determining the influence of twist level, a structural factor, to change the level of friction. To our knowledge, no study is available in…
Abstract Melt strength data are presented on different types of binary polyethylene blends as linear low density polyethylene/low density polyethylene (LLDPE/LDPE), linear low density polyethylene/high density polyethylene (LLDPE/HDPE) and LDPE/LDPE. Melt strength was assessed from uniaxial tensile experiments with a…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative degradation of collagen and its model peptide by ultraviolet irradiationYoji. Kato, Koji. Uchida, and Shunro. KawakishiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 3, 373–379Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published…
Abstract The effects of concentration and aspect ratio of carbon fiber and temperature on volume resistivity of polychloroprene‐carbon fiber composites have been studied. The critical concentration of fiber wherein a sharp transition of electrical performance occurs from insulative range to conductive range is in the…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of monomers containing functional silyl groups. 11. Anionic living polymerization of 3-(tri-2-propoxysilyl)propyl methacrylateHiroyuki Ozaki, Akira Hirao, and Seiichi NakahamaCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 5, 1391–1395Publication Date (Print):March 1, 199…
Thermal oxidation characteristics of chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films prepared by the hot filament method along with (111) and (100) oriented type II a natural diamond wafers were investigated in flowing oxygen at atmospheric pressure and in the temperature range 973–1173 K by thermogravimetry. Partially o…
Mg K-alpha X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to establish the relative concentration and the chemical state of aluminum at the surface of dealuminated mordenites. A method for the binding energy calibration is proposed. Modified Auger parameters of Al have been determined for different zeolites and clay…
Memory effects and PTF (phase transition with a field) effects are investigated in PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) films which show different three kinds of morphology. Highly transparent on states and memory states are obtained by PTF operation. The PTF effect is marked in PDLC films with complicated polymer…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrogen-15 and oxygen-17 NMR spectroscopy of silicates and nitrogen ceramicsRobin K. Harris, Matthew J. Leach, and Derek P. ThompsonCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 2, 260–267Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published iniss…
The chemistry of methyl iodide on Ni(100) surfaces has been studied by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Methyl iodide adsorption is molecular below 100 K, but the C–I bond begins to cleave around 120 K and is completely broken by 160 K. The activation energy for the C–I bond scission was estimated to be a…