Materials Literature
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Composite vanadium oxide/PVA/latex macroscopic fibers have been generated by using an extrusion process. Specifically, inorganic vanadium oxide fibers enable the detection of 0.1 ppm of ethanol within 3−5 s at 42 °C, which is certainly one of the highest sensitivities to date concerning alcohol sensors. More important…
Introducing a small amount of water vapor in the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs and DWNTs) extends the catalyst lifetime and increases the nanotube yield. We study the mechanism of this water-assisted nanotube growth over a Fe−Mo/MgO catalyst, base…
The effect of the length of the cycle on the enrichment and selection of mixed cultures in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) has been studied, with the aim of biodegradable polymers (namely, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)) production from organic wastes. At a fixed feed concentration (20 gCOD/L) and organic loading rate…
Nanocomposites from polyether-type waterborne polyurethane (PU) incorporated with different amounts of gold nanoparticles (17.4-65 ppm) or silver nanoparticles (30.2-113 ppm) were prepared. Specifically, the nanocomposite containing 43.5 ppm of gold or 30.2 ppm of silver was previously found to possess the best therma…
Broadband nanowire-grid polarizers were designed and numerically simulated using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Using a broadband stimulation source, optical properties of the polarizers were analyzed in the ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared (NIR) regions. Specifically, the extinction ratios and…
Oxygen conduction at low temperatures in apatites make these materials potentially useful as electrolytes in solid-oxide fuel cells, but our understanding of the defect structures enabling ion migration is incomplete. While conduction along [001] channels is dominant, considerable inter-tunnel mobility has been recogn…
Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-mixed cellulose electro-active paper (EAPap) was fabricated and its bending actuation performance and characteristics were tested. Cellulose fibers were dissolved using DMAc solvent and MWNT were mixed by using sonication. The very fine surface of DMAc cellulose film was fabricated…
Boron(III) has been inserted into N-confused porphyrin, (NCPH)H2 (1), and N-fused porphyrin, (NFP)H (2). The reaction of dichlorophenylborane and 1 yields sigma-phenylboron N-confused porphyrin (4). The boron atom is bound by two pyrrolic nitrogen atoms and the sigma-phenyl ligand. The N-confused pyrrole ring is not i…
Diagnosis of cancer in the early stages requires sensitive magnetic resonance (MR) probes to detect low concentrations of magnetic substances. In this study, ultrasensitive magnetic resonance contrast agents (UMRCAs) composed of magnetic nanocrystals and amphiphilic block copolymers were synthesized for cancer detecti…
Ab initio periodic quantum-mechanical calculations were performed on selected ordered schemes of the La−Li−□ (vacancy) distribution in the Li 0.5 La 0.5 TiO 3 and Li 0.3125 La 0.5625 □ 0.125 TiO 3 phases. Perovskite superstructures were built on the basis of Z (formula units/primitive cell) = 4 and 8 in the first case…
The protonation states of aspartic acids and glutamic acids as well as histidine are investigated in four X-ray cases: Ni,Ca concanavalin A at 0.94 A, a thrombin-hirugen binary complex at 1.26 A resolution and two thrombin-hirugen-inhibitor ternary complexes at 1.32 and 1.39 A resolution. The truncation of the Ni,Ca c…
Abstract Bioblends are composites of at least one biodegradable polymer with nonbiodegradable polymer. Successful development of bioblends requires that the biodegradable polymers be compatible with other component polymers. Compatibility can be assessed by evaluating the intermolecular interactions between the compon…
A general approach for the functionalization of inorganic nanoparticles with polymers is presented. The polymers for functionalization are designed to possess an anchor block and a soluble block. By this approach, TiO2 nanorods can be solubilized up to high concentrations in organic media. Owing to their anisotropic s…
During the high‐temperature oxidation of ZrB 2 –SiC composites, liquid boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) is formed at the zirconium diboride–zirconium oxide interface and transported through the overlying layer of silica liquid by convection, forming distinct convection cells arranged like the petals of a flower. The convection…
Gold fever: Gold turns out to be catalytically very active, provided that either one or two of the three conditions shown in the graphic are fulfilled. In CO oxidation at room temperature even unsupported gold is active in the presence of alkaline water. The active states of gold in the gold catalysts reported so far…
Modern externally powered upper-body prostheses are conventionally actuated by electric servomotors. Although these motors achieve reasonable kinematic performance, they are voluminous and heavy. Deterring factors such as these lead to a substantial proportion of upper extremity amputees avoiding the use of their pros…
Surface patterning of copolymers via self-assembly is achieved by substrate design. The figure shows a polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) symmetric diblock copolymer confined in a tapered structure. Engineering the channel structure provides local defectivity control for defect-free striped lamellar patterns…
Co 2 Fe-based Heusler alloys possess high Curie temperatures and magnetization, therefore they are the most studied compositions for spintronics applications. Here we report ab initio calculations to investigate the effect of structural disorder on the theoretical spin polarization and magnetization in ternary Co 2.25…
Superwetting of structured surfaces, sometimes referred to as hemi-wicking, was studied both experimentally and theoretically. Structured substrates with regular arrays of square pillars or frustra were machined from graphite blocks and then treated to render them lyophilic. Liquids spread over these surfaces to produ…
The local structure and oxygen/nitrogen ordering of the high permittivity perovskite BaTaO 2 N has been studied using a combination of neutron total scattering and density functional electronic structure calculations. Although the average structure as revealed by neutron diffraction Rietveld analysis is cubic Pm 3̄ m…