Materials Literature
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To assist in selection of suitable wetting materials and control of wetting in various situations, previous results for ceramic–aluminium systems have been readdressed. Wetting systems can be categorised into three types (A, B, and C), characterised by original wettability and equilibrium wettability. In pure systems…
Abstract A series of novel aromatic diamines containing kinked cycloalkane structures between two phenyl rings were synthesized by HCl‐catalyzed condensation reaction of excess aniline and corresponding cycloalkanone derivatives. The structures of the diamines were indentified by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, FT‐IR spectroscopy…
The optical absorption (OA) and thermoluminescence (TL) or irradiated LiF:Mg,Ti was studied as a function of the temperature of post-irradiation annealing. The dose response of the OA bands and sensitisation effect were also investigated. The filling and emptying rate 'anti-correlation' and the behaviour with dose of…
The method for accurate structure refinement from energy-filtered convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns is described with emphasis on recent progress in using imaging filters and 2-D detectors. Details are given about the underlying theoretical model and the statistical analysis of experimental data. Th…
The thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) of powdered synthetic CaSO4 crystals is studied with various types of doping rare earth (RE3+) impurities: Dy3+, Tm3+, Ho3+, Er3+ or Gd3+. Fluorescence and optical diffuse reflectance data are presented. Valence changes of RE3+ are observed after X irradiation and/or thermal ann…
Abstract The development of quantitative X-ray microanalysis in the 1950s spurred the need for knowledge of the many parameters which describe the electron interaction, such as the ionization cross-sections, fluorescent yields, the electron stopping power, mass absorption coefficients, and others. Although classical m…
An important feature of liquid crystal displays is surface alignment of the LCs. While mechanical rubbing has been used extensively to induce such alignment, this process also produces dust and static electricity. However, surface alignment in films of hydroxypropylcellulose has recently been achieved in situ during h…
By treating [(CO)3Re(Hpz)2(pz)] (Hpz = pyrazole) with [Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4, AgNO3, or [Au(tht)Cl] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) in acetonitrile in the presence of Et3N, the corresponding trinuclear complexes {(CO)3Re(pz)3[M(CH3CN)]2} (1a–c) have been obtained. Treatment of complexes 1a–c with cyclohexyl isocyanide (c-C6H11NC…
A new method is proposed to correct for attenuation effects by adventitious organic contamination in quantitative XPS. The corrected intensity ratio IoX/IoY involving two different substrate peaks is determined as the slope of the plot of IX/IC1s as a function of IY/IC1s for samples covered with organic overlayers of…
Reaction parameters were optimized for the synthesis of high molecular weight ω-phenylalkyl-substituted derivatives of poly(p-xylylene) (PPX) by base-induced 1,6-dehydrohalogenation of corresponding 4-halogenomethyltoluenes. Glass transition temperatures decreased systematically with increasing alkyl spacer of the lat…
A series of amorphous and semicrystalline aromatic poly(thioethers) have been prepared by the reactions of 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol and activated dihalides. Azo group activated dihalide monomer was prepared by the reactions of 4-fluoronitrosobenzene with a suitable diamine. The keto and phosphine sulfide containing mo…
Thermal bulk copolymerization of styrene (monomer 1) and maleic anhydride (monomer 2) was carried out in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a double helical ribbon-anchor impeller. A series of experimental runs under different operating conditions (average residence time, reaction temperature, and the compo…
Although nickel(II) oxide (NiO) is a potential carcinogenic agent, it is still used in the synthesis of ceramic pigments because during their preparation at high temperature, NiO is thought to combine with other compounds, crystallizing as new phases with spinel-like structures. Unfortunately, there are no widely acce…
Abstract This paper reports the results of a numerical investigation of the diffusion and reaction of methane in the washcoat of a catalytic monolith reactor. The kinetic rate expression used is an empirical equation determined experimentally for a palladium oxide catalyst. The effect of water inhibition on the reacti…
Three-dimensional thermoluminescence (TL) spectra from ultraviolet exposed MgAl2O4 were measured over the temperature range of 300 K-600 K and the wavelength range of 300 nm-800 nm. Emission bands of all spectra at their peak temperature are centred at 520 nm and 710 nm associated with the holes captured at V2+ and Cr…
Starting from some new 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole difluorides, synthesized by cyclocondensation of dihydrazides with 4-fluorobenzoic acid, novel poly(arylene ether)s were prepared by halo displacement polymerizations with bisphenol A in the presence of potassium carbonate. Model reactions demonstrated the unsu…
Observations of the phase front and the domains during the paraelectric-ferroelectric ${\mathrm{KD}}_{2}{\mathrm{PO}}_{4}$ phase have been performed in very good thermal homogeneity conditions (thermal gradient equal to $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}{\mathrm{K}\mathrm{}\mathrm{mm}}^{\mathrm…
The isotropic–nematic transition of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles by polysaccharide is related to a high inhibitory activity against TMV infection. We study the process of the isotropic–nematic transition of the TMV particles as a function of the polysaccharide concentration by Monte Carlo simulations in th…
Electrical machines depend on ferromagnetic materials to handle useful power within a practicable compass. Flux magnification and control lies at the heart of machine efficiency. Reduction of thickness, perfection of purity and improved grain texture are some of the ways forward. Streamlined standardised loss measurin…
An investigation of dielectric relaxation at relatively low-temperature (55--225 K) of the protonic conductor ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nd}}_{x}{\mathrm{CeO}}_{3},$ for $x=0.05,$ has revealed a major dielectric relaxation peak, as well as an associated smaller peak, with characteristics that strongly s…