Materials Literature
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The study of internal interfaces using spatially resolved electron energy loss near-edge structure (ELNES) appears to allow the determination of local atomic environments and valence states of interfacial atomic species via a simple fingerprint formulism. Using the results of multiple scattering theory, this formulism…
A crucial first step in understanding the effect that internal interfaces have on the properties of materials is the ability to determine the atomic structure at the interface. Because interfaces can contain atomic disorder, dislocations, segregated impurities and interphases, sensitivity to all of these features is e…
The electrical properties of RF magnetron-sputtered aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films are studied. It is seen that the properties are closely related to their structural properties and doping incorporation. The highly conductive milky AZO films with a wedge-like surface consist of very small crystal grains. It is…
The direct longitudinal piezoelectric effect in lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, bismuth titanate and strontium bismuth titanate ceramics was investigated with respect to the dependence on the amplitude of an alternating pressure. At low alternating pressure amplitudes, the behaviour of the piezoelectric char…
Samples of ZBLAN optical fiber were heated to the pulling and crystallization temperature in microgravity aboard a sounding rocket and on the ground at 1g. This was done in order to better understand the effects of gravity on the crystallization behavior of ZBLAN fibers. Samples heated in 1g at both temperatures cryst…
The hydrophilic monomer, acrylic acid (AA), has been grafted onto hydrophobic silicone rubber (SR) film via the γ-ray preirradiation graft technique. The AA percent graft in SR-g-AA film increases with increasing irradiation dose rate. The iron powder in monomer solution serves as one source of ferrous ion that is gen…
The injected specimens of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (R-PET) and its blends with engineering PET (E-PET) are studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Specimens are dissected into three segments of (1) outer skin, (2) middle, and (3) the core for the topographic study of their separate crystalli…
A study on the electrochemical grafting of polyaniline onto cotton, silk, and wool fibers was made. These insulating natural fibers became moderately conducting when they were subjected to electrical treatment in the polymerizing solution of aniline in aqueous HBF4 medium. The weight gain of the fibers increased linea…
Silicone rubber particles with core–shell structure were prepared by polymerization of vinyl monomers in the presence of crosslinked and linear poly(dimethyl siloxane-methyl vinyl siloxane) latex. The monomers were added with either continuous or swelled-continuous addition mode. The core–shell morphology of silicone…
Thermal decomposition of poly(glycidyl azide) (PGA) has been studied by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and high-temperature FTIR spectrometry. By using DSC and TGA techniques, the first stage weight loss of PGA due to exothermic decomposition of pendant azide (N3) gro…
The ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate (EG) copolymer is an efficient reactive compatibilizer for polymer blends of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and polypropylene (PP). During melt processing, the epoxy functional group of the EG copolymer can react with the PBT carboxylic acid and/or hydroxyl terminal groups at…
Homo- and copolyimides with high molecular weight could be synthesized from three dianhydrides and three diamines following two different one-step methods. Solubility behavior with structural effect, viscosity, kinetics of solution imidization, synthesized method, mechanical and thermal properties, and effect of azeot…
The growth morphology of clean silver exhibits a profound anisotropy: The growing surface of Ag(111) is typically very rough while that of Ag(100) is smooth and flat. This serious and important difference is unexpected, not understood, and hitherto not observed for any other metal. Using density functional theory calc…
We discuss the force between two surfaces coated with adsorbed polymer layers in thermodynamic equilibrium with a polymer solution. We use a mean-field theory that explicitly takes into account the loops and tails structure of the adsorbed polymer layers. The force has a non-monotonic variation with distance: it is at…
We investigate thin phase polarization holographic gratings recorded with two waves with orthogonal linear polarizations in materials in which illumination with linearly/circularly polarized light gives rise to linear/circular birefringence. The theoretical analysis shows that the presence of circular photoanisot-ropy…
Surface energies for different GaAs surface orientations have been calculated as a function of the chemical potential. We use an energy density formalism within the first-principles pseudopotential density-functional approach. The equilibrium crystal shape (ECS) has been derived from the surface energies for the (110)…
We have extended the validity of the correlation between the surface 3d-core-level shift (SCLS) and the surface d band shift (SDBS) to the entire 4d transition metal series and to the neighboring elements Sr and Ag via accurate first-principles calculations. We find that the correlation is quasilinear and robust with…
Among other things (e.g. steering and steric effects in dissociative adsorption) we had predicted that the initial sticking probability of H_2 molecules impinging at clean Pd(100) exhibits oscillations, reflecting the quantum nature of the scattering process. In the preceding comment Rettner and Auerbach (RA) analyze…
The influence of molecular vibrations on dissociative adsorption is studied by six-dimensional quantum dynamical calculations. For the system H_2 at Pd(100), which possesses non-activated pathways, it is shown that large vibrational effects exist and that they are not due to a strongly curved reaction path and a late…
Using high-frequency EPR spectroscopy we have found that a cluster comprising eight iron(III) ions, Fe 8 , which is essentially flat, has a ground S = 10 state and an Ising-type anisotropy. For the first time both ac susceptibility and Mössbauer spectroscopy could be used in order to monitor the relaxation time of the…