Materials Literature
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The dependence of the magnetization of Mn-implanted Si on the postimplant annealing temperature is studied. p-type Si wafers were implanted with 300keV Mn+ ions at 350°C to a fluence of 1×1016cm−2 and then annealed at 500–900°C for 5min. Ferromagnetic hysteresis loops were obtained at 10K using a superconducting quant…
The role of crystals in the elasticity of semicrystalline polymers is discussed in the case of syndiotactic polypropylene, which provides an example of a thermoplastic elastomer with a degree of crystallinity that can be tailored by changing and controlling the stereoregularity. This can be achieved using metallocene…
Thermochromic La1−xSrxMnO3 (x=0.1, 0.175, and 0.3) (LSMO) smart coatings were synthesized on (100) silicon and (0001) sapphire substrates by means of reactive pulsed laser deposition process at relatively low substrate temperature (500°C) and without postannealing. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that all deposit…
Etching of silicon can be accomplished in a number of ways: in aqueous solutions of fluoride or KOH, or by simultaneous exposure to a gas such as SF6 or HCl and high power laser irradiation. Here we review how laser assisted etching, chemically enhanced laser ablation, and stain etching can be used to create pillars,…
We introduce a new crystallization method for CaCO 3, via CO 2 vapor diffusion into a Ca(OH) 2 solution. This method has the advantage of effectively introducing only the ions needed for crystallization so that the solution ionic strength can be controlled and the influence of spectator ions on crystallization can be…
Abstract Field trials of fibre flax were sown in 2002 and 2003 comprising 29 and 26 flax varieties, respectively. In 2002, two nitrogen treatments of 40 and 80 kg ha −1 were imposed. The trials were sprayed with a desiccating herbicide prior to retting at 35 and 15 days after midpoint of flowering in 2002 and 2003, re…
A wet jet milling process was used as a novel method to prepare Al 2 O 3 slurries. The wet jet‐milled slurries showed very low viscosity compared with the ball‐milled slurries. Moreover, the viscosity of the wet jet‐milled slurries was constant for long times, whereas that of the ball‐milled slurries increased rapidly…
We report dynamic Monte Carlo simulations of polymer crystallization confined in the cylindrical microdomains of diblock copolymers. The microdomains were prepared via spontaneous microphase separation from homogeneous melt, and the major component was then frozen in a vitreous amorphous state to make a hard confineme…
The oxidation behavior, in air, of bulk polycrystalline Ta 2 AlC samples was studied in the 600°–900°C temperature range. A protective, essentially X‐ray amorphous, oxide layer—which does not appear to be resistant to thermal cycling—forms at 600°C. This layer is comprised of Ta, Al, and O. At 700°C and above, it is c…
Psychology and sensory comfort Neurophysiology and sensory comfort Physiology of sensory comfort Physics of thermal comfort Thermal and moisture sensations Tactile sensation Dimensions of sensory comfort perceptions Overall comfort perception and preferences Prediction of clothing sensory comfort Thermal functions Wat…
Thin ZnO films were deposited at room temperature on glass substrates by a pulsed filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition system. The crystallographic structure and the size of the crystallites in the films were studied by means of x-ray diffraction. These measurements show that all the films are crystallized in the w…
We report here on our thermal and hydrothermal investigations comparing mesoporous γ‐Al 2 O 3 membrane with single and double dopant membranes prepared by the sol–gel method. Improvements in the hydrothermal stability of mesoporous γ‐Al 2 O 3 by transition (Ga 3+ ) or rare‐earth (La 3+ ) cations are discussed, along w…
The fluorescence dynamics in Er3+ and Yb3+ doped KGd(WO4)2 and KY(WO4)2 has been investigated. Lifetimes have been measured for the Yb (2F(5/2)), Er (4I(13/2)), and Er (4S(3/2)) levels around 1, 1.5, and 0.55 microm, respectively. The Yb (2F(5/2)) lifetimes show a decreasing trend toward the limiting Er (4I(11/2)) lif…
A universal model for lanthanide (Ln) materials is presented that describes a systematic and material independent variation of the electronic structure over the Ln series (La, Ce, Pr, ..., Lu). The model is derived from experimental data on 4f and 5d energies of Ln ions as impurities in luminescent materials but, as w…
Abstract The preparation of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites was studied using clay and three types of modified PP (m‐PP) as compatibilizers: diethyl maleate grafted PP (PP‐ g ‐DEM), maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐ g ‐MA), and PP grafted with carbamyl maleamic acid (PP‐ g ‐UMA). The clay was made organophylic by an…
Titanium dioxide thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 100–250 °C with tetrakis-dimethyl-amido titanium, using H2O2 as a counter-reactant. We have explored the effects of deposition temperature and the reactant pulse and purge times on the film growth rate to optimize the ALD process of TiO2. The f…
A unique property, bond curvature K, is proposed as a universal criterion for structures and reactivities of sidewall [2+1] cycloadditions of SWCNTs. B3LYP/6-31G* calculations for cycloadditions on various types of SWCNTs show that the binding energies of the open structures and the changes in C−C bond lengths of the…
Abstract In this study, synthetic graphite particles were added to a liquid crystal polymer and the resulting composites were tested for both the through‐plane thermal conductivity k thru and the in‐plane thermal conductivity k in using the transient plane source method. The end use application for these composites is…
In response to a recent paper by Mughrabi and Pschenitzka (Phil. Mag. 85 3029 (2005).), an estimate is given of the saturation stress in cyclic plasticity, assuming only the bowing of screw dislocations and the simultaneous passing of them at a critical separation determined by their cross-section for mutual annihilat…
The aligned arrays of Cu−ferrite nanostructures, which consisted of magnetic Cu 0.2 Fe 2.5 O 4 nanorods, have been prepared by an ethylene glycol (EG) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA)-assisted sol−gel process at 85 °C on a Cu substrate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated that the sword-like Cu−ferrite nano…