Materials Literature
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Gold (Au) nanostructures have received considerable attention in recent years due to their advantageous chemical and physical properties and potential applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Easily controllable size, geometry, and nontoxicity of Au nanostructures enable their diverse array of biomedical applic…
This thesis deals with several dynamic situations involving drops hanging on fibers, in total wetting. Such drops can be found during the industrial process of glass wool manufacturing, as liquid glue is projected onto glass fibers in order to bind them and form the thermal insulator.In the first part, we study the sp…
Unlike other unusual materials whose bonds contract under compression, the O:H nonbond undergoes contraction and the H-O bond elongation towards O:H and H-O length symmetry in water and ice. The energy drop of the H-O bond dictates the melting point Tm depression of ice. Once the pressure is relieved, the O:H-O bond f…
Fuel cells (FCs) are promising clean and environmentally friendly energy sources, and are accepted to be one of the most prospective power sources for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. Fuel cells generate electricity via the reaction between a fuel (anode) and an oxidant (cathode) supplied from extern…
Graphene technology is likely to have a big impact on future energy production and storage. It is required to improve the device technology to achieve future green energy resources. Graphene has proved its ability to improve many energy and storage devices through its unique and ideal characteristics. As a desirable m…
Enzyme-based biofuel cells offer various positive attributes for energy conversion, including renewable catalysts, flexibility of fuels, and the ability to operate at room temperature. However, applications of such biofuel cells remain limited by their short lifetimes, low power densities, and inefficient oxidation of…
Supercapacitors, also called ultracapacitors, can be combined with lithium-ion batteries in a hybrid system as primary energy devices for power assist during acceleration and hill climbing, as well as for recovery of braking energy. The hybrid system can extend the life, downsize the volume, and reduce the cost of bat…
Graphene has attracted tremendous research interest since its discovery. A good example is the development of graphene-based materials for solar energy harvesting. Thus, sunlight may be converted to chemical energy to drive a wide range of chemical reactions, including hydrogen evolution by water splitting, CO2 conver…
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Yielding transitions in athermal amorphous materials resemble critical phenomena. Historically, they have been described by the Herschel-Bulkley rheological formula, which implies singular behaviors at yield points. In this paper, I examine this class of phenomena using an elementary version of the thermodynamic shear…
In the field of soft condensed matter and in particular, microfluidics, the understanding of surface tension is vital. Interfacial tension (IFT), fundamentally defines liquid interactions at the micro-scale. To give some perspective of the importance of understanding this tension, gravity hardly plays a role given the…
The microbial fuel cell (MFC) as a novel technology integrates wastewater treatment with energy production and has raised great research interest in recent years. One of the grand challenges in MFC development is improving its power output through exploring new materials for electrodes and catalysts. Graphene, with it…
Owing to its unique electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, graphene is making a deep impact in many areas of science and technology. Graphene oxide (GO), produced directly from graphite through chemical oxidation with subsequent dispersion and exfoliation, has emerged as one of the most interesting d…
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a renewable energy device that can convert organic substrates into electricity via catalyzation by microorganisms and has great potential in wastewater treatment. However, the low power density of the MFC remains one of the main obstacles for its practical applications. Aside from all th…
Owing to excellent properties of graphite reported so far, such as Young's modulus (>1060 GPa), electron conductivity (104 S m−1), thermal conductivity (∼3000 W m−1 K−1), light weight, and low cost, it is widely used in many applications. By downsizing graphite from the micro to the nano scale, namely graphene, the ap…
This thesis presents an investigation of a combination of several different mineral fillers in a polymeric matrix. Each mineral component imparted specific charring characteristics to the composite, and the combinations investigated formed residues ranging from soft and powdery to strong and dense. The decomposition m…
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
There is enormous interest in the use of graphene-based devices for energy storage. This chapter outlines the progress that has been made in the development of hydrogen energy storage systems using graphene and its derivatives. The main storage mechanisms involved in the storage of molecular hydrogen and atomic hydrog…
Graphene, an atom-thick two-dimensional (2D) sheet of graphite, has recently been attracting a lot of attention because of its excellent electrical conductivity, extremely high surface area, as well as perfect mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. These remarkable characteristics of graphene, along with the in…
A new type of hidden order in many body systems is explored. This order appears in states which are analogues to charge density waves, or spin density waves, but involve anomalous particle-hole correlations that are odd in relative time and frequency. These states are shown to be inherently different from the usual st…