Materials Literature
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I model variations in the profile of a silicon grating consisting of parallel lines or trenches by calculating the reflectance of a superstructure in which the profiles are randomly modulated about the nominal profile. I vary the edge positions, the edge profiles, the line heights, and the trench depths and find that…
The chemisorption of atomic oxygen on clean and oxygen-precovered Fe(100) and Fe(110) surfaces has been studied using ab initio density-functional techniques. It is demonstrated that although on both surfaces the adsorption of oxygen atoms remains an unactivated process up to full monolayer coverage, important differe…
The present work aims to study the relationship among the thermal ageing stability, dynamic properties, cure systems, and antioxidants in natural rubber (NR) vulcanisates. Thermal degradation behavior of NR vulcanisates has been investigated and correlated to the changes in cross-link density, tensile and dynamic mech…
The highly charged dodecaniobate Keggin ions [XNb12O40](-16) (X = Si, Ge) and [XNb12O40](-15) (X = P) serve as building blocks of self-assembled, low-dimensional anionic framework materials. In addition to its high charge, the Keggin ion provides optimal binding geometries that render these materials as attractive met…
Syntheses and spectroscopic properties of alkoxy-substituted para-acenequinones are reported. These compounds showed excellent alignment in nematic liquid crystals as evidenced by polarized UV-vis absorption and fluorescence measurements. [structure: see text]
In this communication, we describe a simple and robust method for the covalent bonding of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) on a silanized poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surface. Nonspecific adsorption of proteins via hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions of the PVA-coated surface is greatly reduced, and biomolecules can be rap…
The guanine nucleotide-binding protein Ras occurs in solution in two different conformational states, state 1 and state 2 with an equilibrium constant K(12) of 2.0, when the GTP analogue guanosine-5'-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate or guanosine-5'-(beta,gamma-methyleno)triphosphate is bound to the active centre. State…
Abstract We report observations of single‐molecule detection of thionine and its dynamic interactions on aggregated gold nanoparticle clusters using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Spectral intensities were found to be independent of the size of Au nanoparticles studied (from 17 to 80 nm) at thionine concent…
A fully automated procedure for detecting and centering protein crystals in the X-ray beam of a macromolecular crystallography beamline has been developed. A cryo-loop centering routine that analyzes video images with an edge detection algorithm is first used to determine the dimensions of the loop holding the sample;…
We present a three-dimensional model based on the finite-element method for solving the time-harmonic Maxwell equation in optics. It applies to isotropic or anisotropic dielectrics and metals and to many configurations such as an isolated scatterer in a multilayer, bi-gratings, and crystals. We discuss the application…
New diyne monomers containing carbazolyl and/or fluorenyl chromophores, namely, 3,6-diethynyl-9-phenylcarbazole ( 1 ), 3,6-diethynyl-9-[6-(9-carbazolyl)hexyl]carbazole ( 2 ), and 2,7-diethynyl-9,9-bis[6-(9-carbazoyl)hexyl]fluorene ( 3 ), are synthesized. Alkyne polycyclotrimerizations are effected by TaX 5 −Ph 4 Sn (X…
Single-crystalline rocketlike tetrapodal CdS nanorods were synthesized via a one-step seed-epitaxial MOCVD approach by thermal decomposition of Cd(S 2 CNEt 2 ) 2 powders. This bottom-up method uses silver particles to initiate and guide the preferential orientation of the axial nanorods, whereas the epitaxial growth o…
The influence of the divalent cation on the thermal decomposition and subsequent reconstruction of Mg 3 −Al, Ni 3 −Al, and Mg 2 −Ni−Al hydrotalcite-like compounds has been investigated by in situ XRD. Diffraction studies were complemented by ICP-OES, AAS, TEM, N 2 adsorption, FT-IR, TGA, and TPD−MS characterizations.…
Abstract Deterioration after excavation of archaeological iron artefacts buried in soil is often associated with the presence of chlorinated phases in corrosion products, leading to serious problems for conservation of metallic objects of cultural heritage. Therefore, in order to better understand the corrosion proces…
A new type of encoded bead, which uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), is described for multiplex immunoassays. Silver nanoparticles were embedded in sulfonated polystyrene (PS) beads via a polyol method, and they were used as SERS-active substrates. Raman-label organic compounds such as 4-methylbenzenethiol…
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The chemisorptive behavior of CO on Pd−Au alloy films has been studied by infrared reflection−adsorption spectroscopy (IRAS). Geometric (ensemble) and electronic (ligand) effects have been addressed by comparing the results with the corresponding single-component systems. A unique CO vibrational feature at 2088 cm -1…
The dynamics of dislocations is reported to exhibit a range of glassy properties. We study numerically various versions of 2D edge dislocation systems, in the absence of externally applied stress. Two types of glassy behavior are identified (i) dislocations gliding along randomly placed, but fixed, axes exhibit relaxa…
Classic and recent results for gauge effects on the properties of the normal-to-superconducting phase transition in bulk and thin film superconductors are reviewed. Similar problems in the description of other natural systems (liquid crystals, quantum field theory, early universe) are also discussed. The relatively st…
Phase transformation in finite-size ferroelectrics is of fundamental relevance for understanding collective behaviors and balance of competing interactions in low-dimensional systems. We report a first-principles effective Hamiltonian study of vortex-to-polarization transformation in Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 nanoparticles, ca…