Materials Literature
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A simple expression is presented which can be used to estimate the mean free paths of electrons in solid organic insulators as a function of the electon energy. Input parameters are the molecular weight and the density of the organic sample. The range of validity is 100 eV to 10 keV. It is demonstrated that, for this…
The low-temperature exciton luminescence of silicon has been measured and analyzed on the basis of rate equations describing the formation and decay kinetics of free exciton, bound exciton and bound multiexciton complexes. In particular, the excitation-level and impurity-concentration dependences of the luminescence-i…
Abstract The finite deformation elasticity of gels of stiff rodlike polymer chains is discussed theoretically. Unlike a rubber composed of flexible polymer chains, the elasticity of this system is energetic, and arises from the elastic deformation of the stiff chains which are forced to bend under macroscopic strain.…
Abstract The decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide was carried out by using Fe(III)‐3,4,3′,4′,3″,4″,3″′,4″′‐octacarboxyphthalocyanine (Fe(III)‐oaPc) as a catalyst, which has previously been reported by Boston et al. Fe(III)‐oaPc is a remarkably effective catalyst for the reaction, compared with hemin, other meta…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSinglet Electronic Energy Transfer in Polymers Containing Naphthalene and Anthracene ChromophoresD. A. Holden and J. E. GuilletCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 2, 289–295Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
It has recently become possible to observe experimentally the spectral, spatial and temporal evolution of non-equilibrium phonon distributions in solids. The author reviews those techniques which are applicable to high-frequency (>or approximately=200 GHz) phonon propagation. Each technique is analysed for the physica…
The pH difference absorption spectra of human lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] were measured. The difference spectra in the acidic region had a peak at 300 nm, as observed for hen and turkey lysozymes. The pH dependence curve of the extinction difference at 300 nm was well interpreted in terms of the pK values of the catalytic…
A Monte Carlo simulation of the Knudsen diffusion of gases in a porous solid is described and results of such simulations presented. The solid was represented in the computer as an assemblage of spheres. Equations are presented which enable the prediction of a Knudsen diffusivity from the mean pore size (or, preferabl…
Glass-ceramics which have played an ever increasing role in science and technology in the last two decades are the most widely used representative of a new type of partly crystalline or semi-amorphous materials. They can be prepared by induced crystallization of glass-forming melts. This article, which is in two parts…
An analysis is presented of the contributions to the potential energy of interaction between water molecules near the hydrogen bonded equilibrium configuration. From this analysis we synthesize an effective potential that includes the influences of long-ranged and nonadditive interactions. The influence of the hydroge…
Electrochemical responses from the reduction of Ru III (edta) coordinated to films of high molecular weight poly(4‐vinylpyridine) on pyrolytic graphite electrodes were studied as functions of film thickness, temperature, supporting electrolyte composition, and solvent. Responses at filmed electrodes from metal complex…
The dependence of the oxidation rate of lead films on the pressure of oxygen was investigated by ellipsometric and resistance techniques for oxygen pressures between 200 Pa and 100 kPa and in the temperature range 323-423 K. Measurements of the pressure dependence were obtained by studying the change in oxidation rate…
SUMMARY Minority carrier lifetime is one of the basic material properties in optoelectronic devices and material. Both the micrometer range dimensions of the devices and lifetime variations around defects in materials require a lifetime measurement technique with both high spatial and high temporal resolution. In orde…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetic properties of a (tetraphenylporphyrin)iron(III) thiolate: Fe(TPP)(SC6H5)(HSC6H5)S. W. McCann, F. V. Wells, H. H. Wickman, T. N. Sorrell, and J. P. CollmanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 3, 621–628Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published…
Abstract Mischungen von Na 2 SP 4 S 10 und Na 4 Ge 4 S 10 P 4 S 10 wurden thermo‐analytisch durch DTA und DSC untersucht. Im System Na 2 SP 4 S 10 wurden die kongruent schmelzenden Verbindungen Na 3 PS 4 , (NaPS 3 ) x und die sich peritektisch zersetzende Verbindung Na 4 P 2 S 7 nachgewiesen. Die IR‐Schwingungsspek…
Abstract In the absence of chemical interaction between precipitated silica and styrene-butadiene rubber, reticulation of silica particles occurs in the unvulcanized mixture and produces a stiffening effect. This process occurs gradually at room temperature and very rapidly at curing temperatures. The effect can be qu…
A structural model is proposed to account fully for observed x-ray scattering by certain nematic mesophases above their transition to smectic-C phases. In an external magnetic field, the constituent molecules tend to align into nearly periodic parallel chains that give rise to disc-like intensity distributions along t…
The optical principles of the Zeiss OPMI 1, 6-S, and 7 P/H operating microscopes are discussed, along with standard and fiberoptic illumination systems and the range of currently available support systems.
Diffusion couple experiments on the carbon diffusion in austenitic Fe‐Si‐C alloys at temperatures between 950 to 1150°C. Influence of the Si‐content in the range 1 to 6 wtpct Si and of the carbon content on the carbon diffusivity. Discussion of the decrease in diffusivity caused by Si. Method for computer evaluation o…
Abstract Experiments have been carried out to investigate the effect of equibiaxial orientation on the thermal conductivity of a series of natural rubber compounds. The conductivity was measured normal to the direction of stretch. The main effect has been explained quantitatively and an equation obtained which relates…