Materials Literature
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The effect of thermal activation, sharp increase in the catalytic activity of the system MnO x -Al2O3 in reactions of deep oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons after calcination of the catalyst at 900–1000°C was discovered and investigated. With the use of X-ray phase analysis, X-ray electron spectroscopy, EXAFS, IR spect…
The relationship between the diffusion behavior of hydrogen and the electrical properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 (BST) thin-film capacitors was investigated using thermal desorption spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy analyses. It has been clearly shown that the frequency dependence of the complex impedance prof…
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been successfully grown at a temperature as low as 400 °C by grid-inserted plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The grid and a thin double-layer catalyst of Fe (1 nm)/Ti (1 nm) were effective in growing the CNTs. The growth rates were 10 nm/min at 400 °C and 10 µm/min at 600…
Abstract Summary: A mathematical model for the polycondensation of lactic acid accounting for water removal by diffusion is developed. The corresponding kinetic parameters are estimated by performing experiments under different sets of reaction conditions in open system. The model results are compared with the experim…
We have investigated electron energy relaxation in copper wires with several film thicknesses (t=14-90 nm) evaporated on (a) 30 nm thick suspended silicon nitride membranes, and (b) bulk nitridized substrates. The experiment was performed at sub-Kelvin temperatures by heating the electron gas by current, and measuring…
Electronic absorption spectra of different crystalline Pu(V) compounds in the range 400–1200 nm were recorded. The correlation between the spectra of these compounds and their structure was discussed. The intensities of the absorption bands of solid compounds with the pentagonal bipyramidal surrounding of the Pu atom…
The polyurethane (PU) foam moulding process involves the use of sacrificial release agents (SRAs) that are both costly and harmful to the environment. This research proposes the use of low surface energy, polymer substrates, as a means of eliminating SRAs from the foam moulding process.Previous work identified the maj…
Plates prepared of diamonds from the Mir kimberlite pipe were examined with FTIR spectroscopy. It is shown that B1 defects were formed by annealing during crystal growth, whereas B2 centers arose after growth cessation. The development of B2 centers in a natural diamond is the secondary process with respect to the agg…
This paper describes Hydrogen energy in India and R&D efforts at Banaras Hindu University. All the three important ingredients i.e. production, storage and application of hydrogen have been dealt with. As regards hydrogen production, we have described and discussed the solar route consisting of photoelectrochemical el…
The corrosion behavior of Zn in 1 M HCl solution containing various concentration of Urea range (10-3→ 5x 10-3) M at temperature range (285-328) K was investigated. The corrosion inhibitive action of Urea on Zinc metal was studied using weight loss measurement and analytical titration of the amounts of dissolved Zinc…
The effect of singlet oxygen on the formation of nanoporous silicon in the case of photoelectrochemical etching of p-Si is studied. Pulsed electrolysis was used to discriminate between chemical and electrochemical processes. The pulsed etching of silicon was accompanied by pulsed illumination coinciding either with cu…
The Zn1−xCoxO and Al-doped Zn1−xCoxO nanowires have been synthesized by the water-assistance reactive vapor deposition method. No Co precipitates appeared in the both kinds of ZnO nanowires according to the results observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, and electron energy-los…
The H 3 BO 3 ⇄ HBO 2 + H 2 O, HBO 2 + HBO 2 ⇄ (HBO 2 · HBO 2 ) complex, and (HBO 2 · HBO 2 ) ⇄ B 2 O 3 + H 2 O reactions of forward and reverse conversion of H 3 BO 3 into B 2 O 3 and the (HBO 2 · HBO 2 ) ⇄ (HBO 2 ) 2 reactions of forward and reverse transformation of the complex into a fairly stable dimer (HBO 2 ) 2…
Nano-powders of NiO-CeO2 and Bi2O3-CeO2 binary compounds for a promoter in the automotive three-way catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction result showed that the average particle size was in the range of 1112 nm, which was correspondence to the high-resolution transmission electron mi…
Quantum chemical study on vapor reactions of ZnO growth by metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) was carried out. Especially, the reaction natures between diethylzinc (DEZn) and different oxygen sources, nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and water (H 2 O), have been comparatively discussed, in terms of the adsorption of oxyge…
Polymeric insulators being sensitive to environment need study before use in any particular environment. To study their behavior in Pakistan, an insulator was placed in a wooden box in which a UV lamp was fitted. An open cup full with water was also placed to produce humidity that varied between 49 to 71% and the temp…
Dendrigraft polysiloxanes bearing 3-chloropropyl functional groups pendant to the polymer branches of the last generation were synthesized by the graft on graft method. First, branched polysiloxanes of various topologies, star, comb, and dendritic functionalized with pendant vinyl groups, were prepared. Hydrosilylatio…
The crystal structure of the β polymorph of Pigment Yellow 181 was solved from laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data and Rietveld refined. In the crystal structure, the molecules are essentially planar, with extensive hydrogen bonding between the molecules.
Modern models of the state of disperse platinum in low-percentage industrial catalysts for production of motor fuels (reforming catalysts) are considered. The state of surface platinum atoms was assessed by means of an original approach based on division of surface centers on metallic (Pt0) and ionic platinum (Ptσ). P…
Abstract We reported a chemical approach for the in-situ preparation of conducting polyaniline (PANI)/Fe 2 O 3 composite dispersions using dodecylbenzene sulfonic (DBSA) acid both as dopant and surfactant. The PANI/Fe 2 O 3 composite dispersions were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis and FT-IR spectra and con…