Materials Literature
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Magnetostrictive wires of diameter in the nanometer scale have been proposed for application as acoustic sensors [Downey et al., 2008], [Yang et al., 2006]. The sensing mechanism is expected to operate in the bending regime. In this work we derive a variational theory for the bending of magnetostrictive nanowires star…
Microfibrillated celluloses (MFCs) have mechanical properties sufficient for packaging applications but lack water vapor barrier properties in comparison to petroleum-based plastics. These properties can be modified by the use of mineral fillers, added within the film structure, or waxes, as surface coatings. In this…
PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the antimicrobial activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles incorporated into thermosensitive gel (S-T-Gel) on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study investigated the growth, permeability, and…
We report on the modification of the properties of surface-confined ligands in nanoparticle systems through the introduction of shape anisotropy. Specifically, triangular gold nanoprisms, densely functionalized with oligonucleotide ligands, hybridize to complementary particles with an affinity that is several million…
Perhaps the most familiar concepts when discussing acoustic scattering by bubbles are the resonance frequency for bubble pulsation, the bubbles' damping, and their scattering and extinction cross-sections, all of which are used routinely in oceanography, sonochemistry, and biomedicine. The apparent simplicity of these…
Thermochromic liquid crystals have been exploited in novelties and in high-technology applications alike since the earliest years of liquid crystal technology. They have also played a central role in the elucidation of the structures of liquid crystal phases and their inter-relationship, the optics of mesophases, the…
Molecular chirality confers the necessary reduced symmetry to tilted smectic liquid crystals and disordered crystals to generate ferroelectric properties. By definition, ferroelectrics are materials that possess a spontaneous polarisation in the absence of an external field, and on the application of an electric field…
Liquid crystal displays, LCDs, are the world's ubiquitous communication devices. In only 50 years, from the late 1960s to the present day, we have seen the birth of a new industry and its accession to dominance across the globe. How was this achieved? Imagination and innovation from device engineers? Yes, but the drea…
(11)B NMR spectroscopy has been used to investigate the sorption of BF(4)(-) anions on a highly porous, high surface area carbon, and different binding sites have been identified. By implementing in situ NMR approaches, the migration of ions between the electrodes of the supercapacitors and changes in the nature of io…
The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of isobutane (i-C4H10) over sodium-exchanged K10-montmorillonite based iron-catalysts is investigated. By studying the influence of iron-addition (5–25 wt%) on the catalyst performances, at 700°C, an empirical relationship is derived relating…
We report about the nanoclustering induced by oxygen‐implantation in silicon. A tandem‐type accelerator, with a maximum acceleration voltage of 3 MV, equipped with a sputtering ion source suitable for the production of high current ion beams by sputtering of solid cathodes has been used. The surface modifications and…
Highly monodispersed CdS nanoparticles using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent were synthesised by chemical coprecipitation method. The surface‐modified cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were found to be remarkably stable. In the presence of PVP, cubic phase with small grain size of CdS were observed in XRD…
The electrocaloric effect (ECE) of BaTiO3 multilayer thick film was investigated by direct calorimetric measurement. The ECE increases monotonically with the enhancement of applied field. The maximum ECE occurs above Tc and shifts to higher temperature with increasing applied field. Under an ultrahigh field of 800 kV/…
Chromonic systems are lyotropic mesophases formed by soluble aromatic compounds. The basic structural units in these systems are stacks of molecules (rather than individual molecules or micellar assemblies). There are two common chromonic phases: a more dilute phase consisting of a nematic array of columns (the N phas…
Growth on transition metal substrates is becoming a method of choice to prepare large-area graphene foils. In the case of nickel, where carbon has a significant solubility, such a growth process includes at least two elementary steps: 1) carbon dissolution into the metal, and 2) graphene precipitation at the surface.…
We introduce a toolset of program libraries collectively titled multipurpose atom-typer for CHARMM (MATCH) for the automated assignment of atom types and force field parameters for molecular mechanics simulation of organic molecules. The toolset includes utilities for the conversion of multiple chemical structure file…
The results of neutron diffraction studies of the La0.70Sr0.30MnO2.85 compound and its behavior in an external magnetic field are stated. It is established that in the 4–300 K temperature range, two structural perovskite phases coexist in the sample, which differ in symmetry (groups $$R\bar 3c$$ and I4/mcm). The reaso…
An inorganic materials database system, AtomWork, has been developed and released on the Internet. It includes the phase diagram, crystal structure, X-ray powder diffraction, and property data of more than 80,000 inorganic materials extracted from scientific literature. The feature of this database is that the informa…
In this paper, structural, elastic, and dynamical properties of Cu${}_{2}$ZnSnS${}_{4}$ and Cu${}_{2}$ZnSnSe${}_{4}$ are calculated for kesterite and stannite structures using the density functional and density functional perturbation theories. The stability of these two materials, either in a kesterite or stannite cr…
Chemical and structural heterogeneity and the resulting interaction of coexisting phases can lead to extraordinary behaviours in oxides, as observed in piezoelectric materials at morphotropic phase boundaries and relaxor ferroelectrics. However, such phenomena are rare in metallic alloys. Here we show that, by tuning…