Materials Literature
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Cubic ZnSe nanowires with periodically alternating twins along the wire growth direction (see Figure) have been synthesized using thermal evaporation with a Au catalyst. The periodicity of the alternating twins has a linear dependence on the diameter of the nanowires. Sharp excitonic peaks dominating the low-temperatu…
Magnetization plateaus, visible as anomalies in magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures, are one of the hallmarks of frustrated magnetism. We show how an extremely robust half-magnetization plateau can arise from coupling between spin and lattice degrees of freedom in a pyrochlore antiferromagnet, and develop a de…
CO adsorption on Cu(111) and Cu(001) surfaces has been studied within ab-initio density functional theory (DFT). The structural, vibrational and thermodynamic properties of the adsorbate-substrate complex have been calculated. Calculations within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) predict adsorption in the t…
In the context of spin electronics, the two spin-channel model assumes that the spin carriers are composed of two distinct populations: the conduction electrons of spin up, and the conduction electrons of spin down. In order to distinguish the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic contributions in spin injection, we describe…
The frequency dependence of the self energy of a general many--body problem is identified as a main obstacle in correlation calculations based on local approaches. A frequency independent formulation is proposed instead and proven to yield exactly the same numerical results as the original common scheme. Our approach…
In this review we give an overview of the present status of research on carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters and their applications. Several different construction principles of field-emission devices with CNTs are summarized. The emission mechanism is introduced and a detailed overview is given of the measured emissi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic Metals and Superconductors Based on BETS (BETS = Bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene)Hayao Kobayashi, HengBo Cui, and Akiko KobayashiView Author Information Institute for Molecular Science and CREST, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan Research Center for Spectrochemistry, G…
Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were chemically oxidized in a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid (3:1) while being ultrasonicated. The effect of oxidative ultrasonication at room temperature on development of functional groups on the carbon nanotubes was investigated. The dispersability and the carboxylic ac…
The enzymatic formation of supramolecular hydrogels is reported. A dephosphorylation enzymatic reaction (see Figure) triggers the self-assembly of N-(fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl) tyrosine and results in hydrogelation at physiological temperatures. This enzymatic gelation process offers opportunities for in-situ generati…
Today's energy functions are not able yet to distinguish reliably between correct and almost correct protein models. Improving these near-native models is currently a major bottle-neck in homology modeling or experimental structure determination at low resolution. Increasingly accurate energy functions are required to…
A survey of layer-by-layer (LBL) assembled poly(aniline) (PANI)-based electrochromic films is presented. PANI was LBL assembled with a wide variety of counterpolymers by both electrostatic and hydrogen bonding complexation forces. Post-assembly analysis included electrochemical and optical evaluation such as cyclic vo…
Abstract Summary: Water‐processable conducting polyaniline derivatives (PANIs), such as polyaniline (PANI), poly( o ‐methylaniline) and poly( o ‐methoxyaniline), were synthesized by in situ chemical polymerization of the corresponding achiral monomer in the presence of the novel chiral polymeric template, chondroitin…
In this overview chapter we introduce the subject of chromogenic phenomena in polymers and briefly review some of the recent advances in the field. Many external stimuli-responsive phenomena in polymers, including electrochromism, photochromism, photoelectrochromism, and piezochromism are discussed. Relatively new app…
Hollow and solid whiskers are formed during the solvent exchange from the dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide solvates of dexamethasone acetate to the sesquihydrate by immersion of the initial phase in water. Detailed investigations using mainly optical and scanning electron microscopies lead us to propose a growt…
The hexadentate, and ditopic ligand 2,5-bis([2,2']bipyridin-6-yl)pyrazine yields a chiral, tetrameric, square-shaped, self-assembled species upon complexation with Fe2+ ions. The racemate of this complex was resolved with antimonyl tatrate as the chiral auxiliary. The purity of the enantiomer was determined by NMR spe…
Poly(phenyl methacrylate) (PPhMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly( tert -butyl methacrylate), polystyrene (PS), poly(4-methylstyrene), poly(p- tert -butylstyrene), and polycarbonate (PC) were doped with the photochromic dye cis- 1,2-dicyano-1,2-bis(2,4,5-trimethyl-3-thienyl)ethene (CMTE) using a simple vacuum…
Phase transformation of mesoporous silica during the drying process is investigated. As-synthesized hexagonal p6mm obtained under the conditions used in this study is transformed to cubic Ia3d as drying proceeds, even at room temperature. Prolonged synthesis results in the formation of a well-ordered hexagonal mesopha…
The chromicity of poly(aryleneethynylene)s (PAE) is discussed and described in this contribution. Four different types of PAEs will be scrutinized a) dialkyl-poly( para -phenyleneethynylene)s (dialkyl-PPEs), b) dialkoxy-PPEs, c) acceptor substituted PPEs, and d) heteroaryleneethynylenes that contain benzothiadiazole u…
Abstract The ultrasonic degradation of poly(bisphenol A carbonate), poly(ε‐caprolactone), and poly(vinyl acetate) was investigated with various solvents such as benzene, monochlorobenzene, and dichlorobenzene. The time evolution of molecular weight was determined using gel permeation chromatography. A limiting molecul…
Chaotic orientational dynamics of sheared nematic polymers is documented in laboratory experiments and predicted by Doi-Hess kinetic theory for infinitely thin rods. We address robustness of rheochaos when simple shear is modified by a planar straining flow, and the macromolecules have finite aspect ratio. We predict…