Materials Literature
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Reaction rates are often defined using classical statistics for introducing the thermal occupation probabilities. Its predictions for the temperature dependence of a rate are found in reasonable agreement with experiments. In view of the applications to polaronic systems at lower temperatures under strongly quantized…
A time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (TR-FIA) format is presented based on resonance energy transfer from visible emitting lanthanide complexes of europium and terbium, as energy donors, to semiconductor CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals (quantum dots, QD), as energy acceptors. The spatial proximity of the donor-acceptor…
Hydrogen causes a reversible decrease in the resistance of a thin film of camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline nanofibers. For a 1% mixture of hydrogen in nitrogen, a 3% decrease in resistance is observed (DeltaR/R = -3%). The hydrogen response is completely suppressed in the presence of humidity. In contrast, oxyge…
Thin films of $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ prepared by pulsed-laser deposition on R-cut sapphire substrates exhibit ferromagnetic properties at room temperature when they are doped with Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni, but not with other $3d$ cations. Extrapolated Curie temperatures are generally in excess of $500\phantom{\rul…
3(5)-(9-Anthryl)pyrazole (ANP) can be used as a building block to construct different luminescent single crystals based on hydrogen bonding and π…π stacking interactions. Five types of single crystals—obtained by controlling the molecular assembly structures—that exhibit blue, blue-green, and green emission can be obt…
A family of soluble narrow band gap donor-acceptor conjugated polymers based on dioxythiophenes and cyanovinylenes is reported. The polymers were synthesized using Knoevenagel polycondensation or Yamamoto coupling polymerizations to yield polymers with molecular weights on the order of 10 000-20 000 g/mol, which posse…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry on Metal NanoparticlesKazuo Watanabe, Dietrich Menzel, Niklas Nilius, and Hans-Joachim FreundView Author Information Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany and Fakultät für Physik E20, Technische Universität Münc…
The biodegradability and biocompatibility of ZnO wires in biofluid has been studied by investigating the interaction of the wires with deionized water, ammonia, NaOH solution, and horse blood serum. The results show that ZnO can be dissolved into mineral ions by these liquids within a few hours (see figure) and that Z…
This chapter summarises empirical information on the structure of water molecules bound to proteins. The focus is on structures solved by X-ray crystallography, although complementary techniques of obtaining solvent structure are discussed briefly and, when appropriate, particular examples are given. The coverage incl…
Lysozyme was the second protein structure and the first enzyme structure to be solved by X-ray diffraction methods. The structure was published in 1965. Later work published in 1967 led to an explanation of the catalytic function of the enzyme and gave a vision of the explanatory power of structure for biological func…
Resonant X-ray scattering (RXS) in Y 1- x Ca x TiO 3 has been investigated near the Y K -edge. The resonant signal has been clearly found at a forbidden reflection, (500), and the intensity shows an azimuthal angle dependence with a twofold symmetry. The RXS intensities have almost no Ca concentration dependence, alth…
Effects of x-ray irradiation combined with either bias voltage or bipolar electrical cycling were analyzed on three-dimensional ferroelectric capacitor arrays developed for highly reliable ferroelectric random access memories. Using dedicated experimental setup enabling in situ measurements, switching kinetics were fo…
A few compositions in the system CaCu 3 Ti 4- x Sn x O 3 (0≤ x ≤1.0) were synthesized by solid state diffusion controlled thermochemical process. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of all the compositions show that these compositions are single phase solid solution. All the samples have cubic crystal structure similar…
Chapter 10.1 treats the geometric and group-theoretical aspects of both crystallographic and noncrystallographic point groups. The central part of the chapter is an extensive tabulation of the 10 two-dimensional and the 32 three-dimensional crystallographic point groups, containing for each group the stereographic pro…
ZnO nanorod-based single quantum well heterostructures were fabricated in a two-step process. Nanorods were first grown using vapour transport. Subsequently, high-quality ZnO/Zn 0.85 Mg 0.15 O heterostructures were grown on the nanorods using molecular beam epitaxy. The nanorods are well aligned along the c -axis of Z…
Abstract Single‐phase gels with compositions 3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 and 2Al 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 were prepared by gelling mixtures of aluminium nitrate and tetraethylorthosilicate. Gels were fast heated at different temperatures between 900°C and 1600°C. The phase transformation and microstructural changes of both mullite precurso…
We present a quantitative picture of the separation of star polymers in a solution where part of the volume is influenced by a porous medium. To this end, we study the impact of long-range-correlated quenched disorder on the entropy and scaling properties of f-arm star polymers in a good solvent. We assume that the di…
The energy band gap (Eg) of colloidal InGaP∕ZnS core/shell nanocrystals is investigated by using the optical absorption and the photoluminescence techniques. While the photoluminescence spectra exhibit a strong emission, the optical absorption spectra show a very weak excitonic absorption. From Eg values estimated fro…
This chapter deals with electron diffraction and imaging in the transmission geometry at kilovolt and higher beam energies for the purposes of crystal structure determination. Techniques such as low-energy electron diffraction, gas electron diffraction and reflection electron diffraction are not considered. Following…
The Patterson function is a phaseless Fourier synthesis of diffraction intensities that corresponds to an autocorrelation of electron densities in a crystal cell. Prominent non-origin peaks in a Patterson function represent interatomic vectors; deconvolution of this information can be used to locate heavy atoms, known…