Materials Literature
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We consider the double exchange for systems in which doped electrons occupy degenerate orbitals, treating the realistic situation with double degenerate ${e}_{g}$ orbitals. We show that the orbital degeneracy leads in general to the formation of anisotropic magnetic structures and that, in particular, depending on the…
A method for the determination of absorbed radiation dose is described based on pulsed optically stimulated luminescence (POSL). The method relies upon the stimulation of an irradiated sample with a train of light pulses from a suitable light source (e.g. a laser) using a wavelength which is within the range of wavele…
The Poisson-Boltzmann model of colloidal bodies in electrolyte is the basis of a recent numerical calculation predicting attraction between two colloidal spheres confined in a cylinder. The present study formulates an analytical proof that this model cannot predict attraction. Our exact result, not contingent upon app…
Zr 62−x Ti x Cu 20 Ni 8 Al 10 (3⩽x⩽5) amorphous alloys crystallize via precipitation of icosahedral quasicrystals in the primary crystallization step, leading to nano-sized quasicrystals embedded in an amorphous matrix. Ti is the decisive component favoring the precipitation of quasicrystals. The mechanical properties…
A careful analysis of the classic Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory of the interaction energy in a suspension of charge-stabilized, spherical colloidal particles (polyions) in the presence of salt shows that in addition to the usual screened-Coulomb effective pair interaction between polyions, there exists a str…
We derive a spin-orbital model for insulating ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$ which fulfills the SU(2) symmetry of $S=2$ spins at ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}$ ions. It includes the complete ${e}_{g}$ and ${t}_{2g}$ superexchange which follows from a realistic ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ multiplet structure in cubic site symmetry, and the Jah…
We calculate the ideal-glass-transition line for adhesive hard spheres in the temperature-volume-fraction plane within the framework of the mode-coupling theory. We find two intersecting lines, controlled by the hard-core and the adhesive parts of the potential respectively, giving rise to two different mechanisms for…
Fluids adsorbed in microporous materials can exhibit quantum sieving, where heavy isotopes are preferentially adsorbed over light isotopes. We present the first detailed predictions of quantum sieving based on realistic models of microporous materials. Carbon nanotubes, and the interstices of nanotube bundles, can act…
Quantum-dot solids and polycrystalline semiconductors that are patterned in three dimensions can be produced by the new route described here. Both materials have potential as photonic crystals. The method combines colloidal chemistry with two steps of hierarchical selfassembly: first, semiconductor nanocrystals are in…
The design of an instrument capable of opto-mechanical studies of the rheology of viscoelastic polymeric fluids near solid interfaces is described. The instrument probes the ‘meso’-scale (length scales of 0 (μm)) and bridges the gap between molecular-scale devices such as the Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) and conventi…
GENERIC is reviewed not only as a new general framework for modeling nonequilibrium systems, but also as a new way of thinking about nonequilibrium dynamics. This unified framework of nonequilibrium thermodynamics is shown to be deeply rooted in the ample accumulated experience with nonequilibrium systems and, provide…
Foams have been prepared from water added with a surfactant (Sodium-Dodecyl-Sulfate, SDS) and a polymer (Poly-Ethylene-Oxide, PEO) at different concentrations. This work was devoted to a study of the flow properties of the foams. The pressure drops were measured during flow in capillary tubes (2.5, 3.5 and 4 mm) in la…
Abstract Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy investigations in the near infrared (N1R) region of synthetic and natural kaolinites with various octahedral substitutions have been carried out in order to elucidate the relationships between the substituted cations and specific features of the NIR spectra. The…