Materials Literature
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Ion-beam-synthesized Ge74 nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous silica matrix exhibit large compressive stresses in the as-grown state. The compressive stress is determined quantitatively by evaluating the Raman line shift referenced to the line position of free-standing nanocrystals. Postgrowth thermal treatments lea…
Using a capacitive photocurrent measurement technique, we demonstrate the ability of both semiconducting and metallic single wall nanotubes to function as photodetectors over a wide spectral range. We observe clear peaks in the photo induced displacement current of a nanotube-plated capacitor that correspond directly…
A nonlinear screening theory is formulated to study the problem of gap formation and its relation to glassy freezing in classical Coulomb glasses. We find that a pseudogap ("plasma dip") in a single-particle density of states begins to open already at temperatures comparable to the Coulomb energy. This phenomenon is s…
The enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of riboflavin represent attractive targets for the development of drugs against bacterial pathogens, because the inhibitors of these enzymes are not likely to interfere with enzymes of the mammalian metabolism. Lumazine synthase catalyzes the penultimate step in the riboflavin…
A multilayer microcircuit on a diamond surface has been developed for high-pressure resistivity measurement in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Using a film deposition technique, a layer of Mo film was deposited on a diamond anvil as a conductor, topped with a layer of alumina film for insulation. A microelectric circuit w…
In this paper, a new method of photoresist coating, direct spray coating, is studied.This method is especially suited to coat high topography surfaces for some special applications in microelectromechanical systems, radio frequency components and packaging.The most suitable photoresist type and coating process are fou…
The effect of substrate roughness on the orientation of lamellar microdomains of symmetric poly(styrene)- block -poly(methyl methacrylate) [PS- b -PMMA] was investigated. Thin films of three molecular weights of PS- b -PMMA were prepared on organic polyimide and inorganic indium tin oxide substrates whose surfaces wer…
Abstract The foaming process of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) with carbon dioxide and nitrogen has been investigated in this work from a theoretical and experimental point of view. CO 2 and N 2 showed very different behavior, as foaming agents for PCL. This was due to the different transport, chemical, and physical prope…
A microscopic theory for the dependence on external strain, stress, and shear rate of the transient localization length, elastic modulus, alpha relaxation time, shear viscosity, and other dynamic properties of glassy colloidal suspensions is formulated and numerically applied. The approach is built on entropic barrier…
We observe spectral and intensity fluctuations in Raman scattering from single molecules of 4-mercaptopyridine (4-Mpy) adsorbed on textured silver surfaces. We present evidence that the root cause of these fluctuations is thermal. Analysis of the spectra shows that in some cases the spectral changes are associated wit…
It is shown that equations for electrical current in solid-state thermionic and thermoelectric devices converge for devices with a width equal to the mean free path of electrons, yielding a common expression for intensive electronic efficiency in the two types of devices. This result is used to demonstrate that the ma…
Electron density and electron momentum density, while independently tractable experimentally, bear no direct connection without going through the many-electron wave function. However, invoking a variant of the constrained-search formulation of density functional theory, we develop a general scheme (valid for arbitrary…
Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were prepared by a solution-precipitation process, and the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity of the MWNT/HDPE composites was studied. An obvious positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect was found in the MWNT/HDPE…
High-quality epitaxial thin films (∼200nm thick) of Gd0.67Ca0.33MnO3 have been deposited onto (100) SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. Enhanced properties in comparison with bulk samples were observed. The magnetic transition temperature (Tc) of the as-grown films is much higher than the corresponding bulk…
Results obtained from the optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy experiments have shown the formation of excitons in the silver-exchanged glass samples. These findings are reported here for the first time. Further, we investigate the dramatic changes in the photoemission properties of the silver-ex…
We study the effective second-harmonic generation (SHG) susceptibility in graded metallic films by invoking the local field effects exactly, and further numerically demonstrate that the graded metallic films can serve as a novel optical material for producing a broad structure in both the linear and SHG response and a…
We present a continuum model for the propagation of cracks and fractures in brittle materials. The components of the strain tensor $ε$ are the fundamental variables. The evolution equations are based on a free energy that reduces to that of linear elasticity for small $ε$, and accounts for cracks through energy satura…
We investigate the ferroelectric phase transition and domain formation in a periodic superlattice consisting of alternate ferroelectric (FE) and paraelectric (PE) layers of nanometric thickness. We find that the polarization domains formed in the different FE layers can interact with each other via the PE layers. By c…
Abstract In this study, polymer nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and organically modified layered silicates (organoclay) were prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer. The exfoliation of organoclay could be attributed to the interaction between the organoclay and PLA molecules and shearing force dur…
A new form of thin films formed by multi-walled carbon nanotubes exhibiting high packing density and local alignment were fabricated using a highly concentrated colloidal suspension of carbon nanotubes. Electrical double layer capacitors built from these film electrodes exhibited a close to rectangular cyclic voltammo…