Materials Literature
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Designer jackets: Polydentate amino-functionalized poly(ethylene oxide)s with various block lengths are synthesized and used for ligand exchange and phase transfer of quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles (see scheme; TEM images of the particles before and after the exchange are also shown). The ligands enable the t…
The enhanced local optical fields at the surface of illuminated metallic nanoparticles and nanostructures are of intense fundamental and technological interest. Here we report a self-consistent measurement of the spatial extent of the fringing field above a plasmonic nanoparticle surface. Bifunctional DNA-based adsorb…
Biogenic calcite obtained from different mollusk shells is subjected to heat treatments at elevated temperatures and structurally analyzed by high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. Remarkable broadening of diffraction peaks in samples annealed at temperatures above 200 °C is observed (see figure), indic…
We report the assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films at the interfaces of thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) droplets dispersed in an aqueous phase. Exposure of PEM-coated droplets to surfactant slowed the bipolar-to-radial ordering transition of the LCs by 2 orders of magnitude relative to naked droplets. T…
The aqueous synthesis of thiol-stabilized semiconductor CdTe colloidal nanocrystals has been revisited. We found optimal conditions for the synthesis of high-quality CdTe NCs through a study of the influence of the initial conditions (structure and concentration of Cd-thiol complexes) on the quality of the CdTe nanocr…
A new procedure aimed at folding a two-dimensional powder diffraction pattern into a one-dimensional scan is presented. The sample-to-detector distance is the only parameter that, in this approach, needs to be adjusted in a separate step by using the `standard' sample. The technique consists of three steps: tracking t…
Reaction rates are often defined using classical statistics for introducing the thermal occupation probabilities. Its predictions for the temperature dependence of a rate are found in reasonable agreement with experiments. In view of the applications to polaronic systems at lower temperatures under strongly quantized…
A time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (TR-FIA) format is presented based on resonance energy transfer from visible emitting lanthanide complexes of europium and terbium, as energy donors, to semiconductor CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals (quantum dots, QD), as energy acceptors. The spatial proximity of the donor-acceptor…
Hydrogen causes a reversible decrease in the resistance of a thin film of camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline nanofibers. For a 1% mixture of hydrogen in nitrogen, a 3% decrease in resistance is observed (DeltaR/R = -3%). The hydrogen response is completely suppressed in the presence of humidity. In contrast, oxyge…
Thin films of $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ prepared by pulsed-laser deposition on R-cut sapphire substrates exhibit ferromagnetic properties at room temperature when they are doped with Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni, but not with other $3d$ cations. Extrapolated Curie temperatures are generally in excess of $500\phantom{\rul…
3(5)-(9-Anthryl)pyrazole (ANP) can be used as a building block to construct different luminescent single crystals based on hydrogen bonding and π…π stacking interactions. Five types of single crystals—obtained by controlling the molecular assembly structures—that exhibit blue, blue-green, and green emission can be obt…
A family of soluble narrow band gap donor-acceptor conjugated polymers based on dioxythiophenes and cyanovinylenes is reported. The polymers were synthesized using Knoevenagel polycondensation or Yamamoto coupling polymerizations to yield polymers with molecular weights on the order of 10 000-20 000 g/mol, which posse…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry on Metal NanoparticlesKazuo Watanabe, Dietrich Menzel, Niklas Nilius, and Hans-Joachim FreundView Author Information Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany and Fakultät für Physik E20, Technische Universität Münc…
The biodegradability and biocompatibility of ZnO wires in biofluid has been studied by investigating the interaction of the wires with deionized water, ammonia, NaOH solution, and horse blood serum. The results show that ZnO can be dissolved into mineral ions by these liquids within a few hours (see figure) and that Z…
This chapter summarises empirical information on the structure of water molecules bound to proteins. The focus is on structures solved by X-ray crystallography, although complementary techniques of obtaining solvent structure are discussed briefly and, when appropriate, particular examples are given. The coverage incl…
Lysozyme was the second protein structure and the first enzyme structure to be solved by X-ray diffraction methods. The structure was published in 1965. Later work published in 1967 led to an explanation of the catalytic function of the enzyme and gave a vision of the explanatory power of structure for biological func…
Resonant X-ray scattering (RXS) in Y 1- x Ca x TiO 3 has been investigated near the Y K -edge. The resonant signal has been clearly found at a forbidden reflection, (500), and the intensity shows an azimuthal angle dependence with a twofold symmetry. The RXS intensities have almost no Ca concentration dependence, alth…
Effects of x-ray irradiation combined with either bias voltage or bipolar electrical cycling were analyzed on three-dimensional ferroelectric capacitor arrays developed for highly reliable ferroelectric random access memories. Using dedicated experimental setup enabling in situ measurements, switching kinetics were fo…
A few compositions in the system CaCu 3 Ti 4- x Sn x O 3 (0≤ x ≤1.0) were synthesized by solid state diffusion controlled thermochemical process. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of all the compositions show that these compositions are single phase solid solution. All the samples have cubic crystal structure similar…
Chapter 10.1 treats the geometric and group-theoretical aspects of both crystallographic and noncrystallographic point groups. The central part of the chapter is an extensive tabulation of the 10 two-dimensional and the 32 three-dimensional crystallographic point groups, containing for each group the stereographic pro…