Materials Literature
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Emission lines from transitions between high-energy states of noble-gas atoms (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) and ions (Ar(+), Kr(+), and Xe(+)) formed and excited during single-bubble cavitation in sulfuric acid are reported. The excited states responsible for these emission lines range 8.3 eV (for Xe) to 37.1 eV (for Ar(+)) ab…
This paper is focused on a dual approach for silica scale control, inhibition and dissolution by use of designed chemical approaches. Inhibitors that are tested include the polyaminoamide STARBURST dendrimers (PAMAM) of generations 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5. Of these, only the NH 2 -terminated ones (PAMAM-1.0 and 2.…
We measure the self-diffusion of colloidal rod-like virus fd in an isotropic and nematic phase. A low-volume fraction of viruses are labelled with a fluorescent dye and dissolved in a background of unlabelled rods. The trajectories of individual rods are visualized using fluorescence microscopy from which the diffusio…
We examine the relaxation of the Kob-Andersen Lennard-Jones binary mixture using Brownian dynamics computer simulations. We find that in accordance with mode-coupling theory the self-diffusion coefficient and the relaxation time show power-law dependence on temperature. However, different mode-coupling temperatures an…
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) demonstrate remarkable electronic and mechanical properties useful in developing areas such as nanoelectromechanical systems and flexible electronics. However, the highly inhomogeneous electronic distribution arising from different diameters and chirality in any given as-synthesi…
Bone is a natural composite construct, with a gradient structure going from a loose interconnected cellular core to an outer dense wall, thus minimizing bone weight while keeping a high mechanical resistance. Due to this unique and complex structure, bone defects are difficult to replace or repair. Tissue engineering…
The synthesis of efficient photoluminescent quantum dots via growth on a DNA template is reported for the first time. The nanoparticles emit in the second biological window of 1050–1200 nm with quantum efficiencies of 11.5 ± 1 % in aqueous solution, and are stable for over a week in blood plasma at 37 °C. The Figure s…
We reinvestigated the two C=C stretching modes of the five-membered rings of ET (ET = bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene), namely, nu(2) (in-phase mode) and nu(27) (out-of-phase mode). The frequency of the nu(27) mode of ET(+) was corrected to be approximately 1400 cm(-1), which was identified from the polarized in…
Micro-Raman spectroscopy of $\mathrm{La}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-based perovskites was performed to characterize the vibrational properties of these Raman active rhombohedral perovskites and their temperature and stress induced changes. The cobaltite spectra were found to consist of four Raman active phonon modes…
[Mn4(hmp)6(H2O)2(NO3)2](NO3)2.2.5H2O (1) has been synthesized from the reaction of 2-hydroxymethylpyridine (Hhmp) with Mn(NO3)2.4H2O in the presence of tetraethylammonium hydroxide. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic P space group with two crystallographically independent centrosymmetrical [Mn4(hmp)6(H2O)2(NO3)2]2+ compl…
X-ray scattering measurements on optimally-doped single crystal samples of the high temperature superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ reveal the presence of three distinct incommensurate charge modulations, each involving a roughly fivefold increase in the unit cell dimension along the {\bf b}-direction. The st…
We present a detailed comparison between ONETEP, our linear-scaling density functional method, and the conventional pseudopotential plane wave approach in order to demonstrate its high accuracy. Further comparison with all-electron calculations shows that only the largest available Gaussian basis sets can match the ac…
Ethenylene groups within the silicate framework of hybrid mesoporous ethenylene-silica (HME) are successfully modified via a two-step chemical modification process (see Figure) to produce a sulfonic acid-functionalized hybrid mesoporous solid acid catalyst. The material exhibits high activity for various acid-catalyze…
Absorption of circularly polarized light in semiconductors is known to result in optical orientation of electron and hole spins. It has been shown here that in semiconductor quantum well structures spin orientation of carriers can be achieved by linearly or even unpolarized light. Moreover, the sign and magnitude of t…
The real-space multiple-scattering approach is applied to model nonresonant inelastic scattering from deep core electron levels over a broad energy spectrum. This approach is applicable to aperiodic or periodic systems alike and incorporates ab initio, self-consistent electronic structure and final state effects. The…
Nano-sized particles of ceramic and metallic materials are generated by high-tech industrial activities, and can be generated from worn-out replacement and prosthetic implants. The interaction with the human body of such nanoparticles has been investigated, with a particular emphasis on innate defence mechanisms. Huma…
Ten specially synthesized polyurethanes (PUs) were used to investigate the effects of surface properties on platelet adhesion. Surface composition and hydrophilicity, fibrinogen (Fg) and von Willebrand's factor (vWf) adsorption, monoclonal anti-Fg binding, and platelet adhesion were measured. PUs preadsorbed with afib…
We discuss the possibility of THz amplification and generation in nano-structures, by means of 2D plasma waves. Numerical estimates have been made for room temperature and for sufficiently good GaAs materials.
Alignment phenomena are characteristic of liquid crystalline materials, and understanding them is critically important in understanding the essential features and behavior of liquid crystals and the performance of Liquid Crystal Devices (LCDs). Furthermore, in LCD production lines, the alignment process is of practica…
Advancement of semiconductor devices requires the realization of an ultrathin diffusion barrier layer between Cu interconnect and insulating layers. The present work investigated the possibility of the self-forming barrier layer in Cu–Mn alloy thin films deposited directly on SiO2. After annealing at 450 °C for 30 min…