Materials Literature
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In this paper, the basic features of the novel field of the use of phase diagrams for the description of metastability will be outlined.Examples of experimental determination and calculation of metastable phase diagrams will be presented.In particular, metastable phase diagrams will be used to describe phase selection…
Using simulations and theoretical arguments we investigate the specular reflection of a perforated gold film deposited on a glass substrate. A square lattice of cylindrical holes is assumed to produce the periodic lateral corrugation needed to hybridize the surface plasmons with radiative states. It is shown that, con…
Abstract Elastic continuum model is used to model acoustic phonons in single wall nanotubes (SWNTs). Based on elastic continuum theory, acoustic vibrational modes are modeled for both zigzag and armchair nanotubes of finite length using a variational solution of Donnell's equation. The acoustic phonon modes in these c…
The role of residual stress in enhancing the fracture properties of the shell Ensis siliqua (razor shell) is reported. Using energy-variable synchrotron X-ray diffraction it is shown that the calcium carbonate crystals are preferentially orientated as a function of depth. Using scanning electron microscopy the structu…
The mass attenuation coefficients for Y 2 O 3 , BaCO 3 , CuO compounds, and solid-state forms of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 superconductor were determined at energies of 57.5, 59.5, 65.2, 74.8, 77.1, 87.3, 94.6, 98.4, 122, and 136 keV. The samples were irradiated using a 241 Am point source emitting 59.5 keV photon energies and a…
By a magnetic-field-inducing technique, $\mathrm{Bi}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Mn}$ alloys were fabricated with the textured structure and anisotropic characteristics. Magnetic properties of $\mathrm{MnBi}$ compound aligned in alloys with 6 wt % Mn have been investigated systematically. The saturation magnetization…
A triangular arrangement of gold atoms is observed in the complex [Au3(μ-GaI2)3(Cp*Ga)5], which results when a mixture of Cp*Ga and GaI3 capture the reduced Au fragments from [LAuX] (L=ligand, X=halide). The Au atoms are bonded only to Ga atoms and each other: two Au atoms are coordinated by two Cp*Ga units and one Au…
The AP7 protein is one of several mollusk shell proteins which are responsible for aragonite polymorph formation and stabilization within the nacre layer of the Pacific red abalone, H. rufescens. Previously, we demonstrated that the 30-AA N-terminal domain of AP7, denoted as AP7-1, exists as an unfolded sequence and p…
Perovskite manganite compounds such as ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{({\mathrm{Ca}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{y})}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ can be tuned to exhibit a metastable ground state where two magnetic∕crystallographic phases coexist in zero magnetic field. Field-dependent neutron diffraction…
BACKGROUND: Slow crack growth can be described in a v (crack velocity) versus KI (stress intensity factor) diagram. Slow crack growth in ceramics is attributed to corrosion assisted stress at the crack tip or at any pre-existing defect in the ceramic. The combined effect of high stresses at the crack tip and the prese…
A new soft chemistry route has been developed for the synthesis of relaxor ferroelectric lead magnesium niobate−lead titanate solid solution (0.65PMN−0.35PT). The method uses a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and methanol mixture as solvent. It allows reactions to be performed at room temperature without using an excess a…
We have investigated, in the framework of the proximity effect theory, the interface transparency between Nb and Cu in the case of high quality Nb/Cu trilayers fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and sputtering deposition techniques. The obtained values do not seem to be strongly influenced by the fabrication m…
We report the spontaneous, in-situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles within onion-type multilamellar vesicles (MLV) using a simple and mild strategy. Monoolein, one of the MLV components, was used as reductant, without any additional chemical. Two different preparative pathways were employed that resulted in gold partic…
Monolayer hydrodynamics are usually described in terms of a Newtonian constitutive relationship. However, this macroscopic view fails to account for small-scale coexisting phase domains, which are generally present in the monolayer and appear to have profound macroscopic effects. Here, we provide direct evidence of th…
Abstract In a previous paper we found that the cofacial intermolecular π–π orbital interaction in stacking dimers significantly changes the longitudinal second hyperpolarizability (γ) of the isolated monomer. On the basis of this result, we investigate the longitudinal γ values of π‐conjugated main chains (C n H n +2…
High-temperature molecular dynamics simulations were used to gain insight into the early steps in the unfolding pathway of azurin, a blue copper protein with a beta-barrel structure formed by two sheets arranged in a Greek key folding topology. The results reveal that unfolding of the beta-barrel in azurin is associat…
A theoretical investigation of the structure, magnetism and thermal conductivity of LaMn 1− x Ga x O 3 has been made. A local, cluster model is introduced. It is proposed that gallium substitution may cause neighbouring Mn 3+ (3 x 2 − r 2 )/(3 y 2 − r 2 ) orbitals to transform into the 3 z 2 − r 2 state. This unique i…
Ringing the changes: Complexes of azamacrocycles were used for the template synthesis of extraordinary new cyclic and acyclic chromium–nickel chains, which include the “S”-shaped cluster shown (see picture) obtained when a cyclen-based template is used. The results suggest a new method for making sophisticated polymet…
Magnetic-field-induced reorientation of nematic liquid crystals on polymer layers is studied near the glass transition temperature of the polymer. Kinetic curves for different field strengths and temperatures are presented. A model is developed which takes into account the structural rearrangements in the polymer indu…
This Minireview considers the key factors that govern the organization of macroscopic polarization in nonlinear optical systems obtained by electric poling of organic dipolar chromophores dissolved in polymer matrices. The macroscopic electric polarization depends on the thermodynamic state of the dipole system. The d…