Materials Literature
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Strongly [001] oriented lead zirconate-titanate [Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3] thin films with tetragonal structure (0<x<0.52) have been successfully grown on (100)Pt/(100)MgO substrates by using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The metalorganic precursors were Pb(C2H5)4, Zr(DPM)4 and Ti(i-OC3H7)4. Scan…
ZnO, which normally occurs in the hexagonal wurtzite structure, can be transformed to the cubic rocksalt (NaCl) structure by the application of high pressure; this cubic phase has been reported to be metastable at atmospheric pressure. The band structure of this phase is calculated by the ab initio correlated Hartree-…
Synthetic diamonds grown using a solvent catalyst that contains Ni show the 1.401-1.404 eV luminescence and absorption system. Isotope splitting data on the zero-phonon lines establish that the optical center contains one Ni atom. Uniaxial stress and Zeeman measurements are reported. We show that the optical transitio…
Abstract A review of experimental data concerning the behaviour of fission products in nuclear fuels is used to illustrate the significant variation in solubility exhibited by the different species. To understand the reasons for this variation, it is necessary to obtain a reliable estimate of the solution energies and…
Toxicity and in vivo antitumor activity against five solid tumors (C 26, C 38, M 5076, MKN-45, MX-1) of Adriamycin (ADR)-conjugated poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(aspartic acid) block copolymer (PEG-P[Asp(ADR)]) were evaluated, and its pharmacokinetic behavior in blood and biodistribution by i.v. injection were obtained.…
The dielectric constants and dielectric loss tangents of Li-Ti ferrites of different composition were measured at room temperature using a capacitance bridge at low frequencies. It was observed that the lower concentration of titanium (<0.6 mole of Ti) had minimal effect on the value of the dielectric constant, while…
A detailed analysis of the spectrum of the light emitted during thermoluminescence (TL) from irradiated LiF(Mg, Cu, P) is presented. The data show how the emission characteristics vary as functions of the concentrations of the individual dopants (Mg, Cu and P) and of the pre-irradiation heat treatments. It is suggeste…
The photostimulated luminescence (PSL) and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) of Y 2 SiO 5 -Ce 3+ and Y 2 SiO 5 -Ce 3+ , Sm 3+ is reported and discussed. The PSL measurements show that these compositions are rather efficient X-ray storage phosphors with a short response and decay time (35+or-10ns). A model for th…
Recent advances in the design and synthesis of organic synthetic metals have yielded materials that have the highest superconducting transition temperatures (T(c) approximately 13 kelvin) reported for these systems. These materials have crystal structures consisting of alternating layers of organic donor molecules and…
Single-crystal graphite has been compressed at room temperature and found to undergo a transformation at 18 gigapascals as indicated by a drastic increase in the optical transmittance. This high-pressure phase is unquenchable; a more transparent phase formed by the heating of this phase can be quenched at ambient cond…
The upper temperature for superconductivity in organic conductors has increased from 1 kelvin in 1980, when the phenomenon was discovered in the quasi-one-dimensional cation radical salt tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene phosphorus heptafluoride to 12 kelvin in a new series of organic salts that show nearly two-dimensio…
Abstract The aim of the authors in this monograph has been to present a general review of the magnetic properties of the rare earth metals, and a comprehensive, unified, and coherent account of the magnetic structures and excitations. These both reflect the nature of the fundamental interactions, and determine many of…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
A high charge storage density was achieved in BaTiO3 thin films on Si substrates prepared by a reactive partially ionized beam deposition technique and rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment. The films, being deposited at a low substrate temperature, were amorphous. The films were then annealed by using RTA in N2 amb…
The complex amplitude reflectance of the liquid crystal light valve (LCLV) is determined as a function of the writing intensity and applied voltage using an approximate model. The input and output polarizers are assumed to have arbitrary directions. The theoretical results based on this model match our experimental me…
Several organic materials with a bulky donor group have been developed for second-order nonlinear optics. Among these materials, 2-adamantylamino-5-nitropyridine (AANP) crystal has the largest second-order nonlinear optical coefficient. By second-harmonics measurement at 1.064 μm, coefficients of d31 and d33 were dete…
Scattering experiments using Mossbauer gamma rays and X-rays have been performed on ordered and disordered Pb(Sc 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 (PSN), and Pb(Fe 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 (PFN) which exists only in a disordered state. All three materials are ferroelectric at room temperature and undergo a change to a paraelectric form close to…
We have measured the distribution of photoion charge states resulting from vacancy cascades and electron shakeoff following K-shell photoionization of ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{2+}$ ions. The ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{2+}$ ions were produced by electron-impact ionization of Ar, stored in a Penning ion trap, and then photoionized using br…
Experiments show that charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions form crystals which can melt by applied shear stress. We present a molecular-dynamics simulation study of shear melting in colloids. The nonequilibrium phase diagram is calculated for a volume fraction which has an equilibrium fcc structure. The mechanism f…
The domain structure in the nearly commensurate charge-density-wave phase of 1T-${\mathrm{TaS}}_{2}$ has been experimentally determined. Fourier-transformed scanning-tunneling-microscopy images display fine satellite structure in excellent agreement with that predicted by the amplitude- and phase-domain model of Nakan…