Materials Literature
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Initiated chemical vapor deposition enables an all-dry encapsulation of fine particles down to the nanoscale by functional polymers. Initiator vapor is first thermally activated to form primary radicals, which, together with the monomer vapor, are adsorbed onto the particle surface where free-radical polymerization cr…
Abstract Summary: Due to a large difference in storage modulus below and above the glass transition temperature, a novel shape‐memory poly[(methyl methacrylate)‐ co ‐( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone)]/poly(ethylene glycol) semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks structure was synthesized, which is stabilized by hydrogen‐bondin…
Transverse-periodic-oriented nematic liquid crystals (LCs) are a special type of optical axis grating that are capable of very high efficiency diffraction (theoretically, 100%) in thin layers of materials with thickness comparable to the radiation wavelength. In particular, they fully diffract linearly polarized input…
A dipolar-free sum-over-states expression for the diagonal components of the first hyperpolarizability (beta) tensor has been proposed by Kuzyk [Phys. Rev. A 72, 053819 (2005)] as an alternative to the traditional expression. We examine both alternatives for the longitudinal beta of four typical push-pull pi-conjugate…
Observation of high temperature ferromagnetism in Ni-doped In2O3 and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) samples prepared by a solid state synthesis route is reported. Both Ni-doped compounds showed a clear ferromagnetism above 300K with the magnetic moments of 0.03–0.06μB∕Ni and 0.1μB∕Ni at 300 and 10K, respectively. Ni-doped In2…
Self-assembled ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were achieved by a vapor phase transport process. ZnO nanodots were naturally formed on solid substrates in the Volmer-Weber growth mode. Size control of nanodots could be readily realized by varying the growth time. The as-prepared ZnO QDs are of high quality and very stable afte…
Application of the supramolecular-synthesis strategy ionic self-assembly for the facile production of low-molecular-weight photo-addressable materials (see figure) is presented. The materials have good film-forming properties, long-term thermal stability, and, most importantly, dichroic ratios of 50.
The elastic stiffness and shear deformation mode of Al3BC3, a metal borocarbide containing linear C–B–C units, are studied based on the first-principles total energy calculations. The predominant effect of C–B–C units on mechanical properties is reported by leading to low shear modulus. The low shear-strain resistance…
Epitaxial thin films of La2NiMnO6, a ferromagnetic semiconductor, have been fabricated on different substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering observations reveal that the films are single crystalline and have an orthorhombic structure. The magnetic properties of the films, inclu…
Four novel borondipyrromethene (BDP) and -diindomethene (BDI) dyes with one or two (dimethylamino)styryl extensions at the chromophore were synthesized and spectroscopically investigated. An X-ray crystal structure shows that the extended auxochrome is virtually planar. All dyes thus display intense red/near infrared…
Abstract We present transient kinetic data that demonstrate an inhibiting effect of ammonia on the NH 3 ‐selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) at low temperatures over a V 2 O 5 ‐WO 3 /TiO 2 commercial catalyst for vehicles. This effect has significant mechanistic as well as practical implications.…
A newly developed sharp interface model describes crack propagation by a phase transition process. We solve this free boundary problem numerically and obtain steady state solutions with a self-consistently selected propagation velocity and shape of the crack, provided that elastodynamic effects are taken into account.…
Explicit expressions for inverse of Young's modulus E, inverse of shear modulus G, and Poisson's ratio for cubic media are considered. All these characteristics of elastic media depend on three components of the compliance tensor S, and on direction cosines of mutually perpendicular vectors m and n with fourfold symme…
We performed a systematic full-potential density functional theory study with the generalized gradient and local density $\text{approximation}+U$ approaches on five possible $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ terminations of the low-index polar (111) surface of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. Applying the c…
We present a first-principles study of the series of multiferroic barium fluorides with the composition $\mathrm{Ba}M{\mathrm{F}}_{4}$, where $M$ is Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni. We discuss trends in the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties, and we show that the ferroelectricity in these systems results from the freez…
We study a possible mechanism of the switching of the magnetic easy axis as a function of hole concentration in $(\mathrm{Ga},\mathrm{Mn})\mathrm{As}$ epilayers. In-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy along [110] is found to exceed intrinsic cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy above a hole concentration of $p=1.5\ifmmo…
The ground-state fluctuation of polarization P is finite in insulators and divergent in metals, owing to the SWM sum rule [I. Souza, T. Wilkens, and R. M. Martin, Phys. Rev. B 62, 1666 (2000)]. This is a virtue of periodic (i.e. transverse) BCs. I show that within any other boundary conditions the P fluctuation is fin…
Evaporating droplets of polymer or colloid solution may produce a glassy crust at the liquid-vapour interface, which subsequently deforms as an elastic shell. For sessile droplets, the known radial outward flow of solvent is expected to generate crusts that are thicker near the pinned contact line than the apex. Here…
Heat transport in polymer nanocomposites reinforced with graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) is studied using high-precision thermal conductivity measurements. The resistance to heat conduction across interfaces between GNPs and the polymer matrix has a strong effect on energy transport in the nanocomposites. The thermal co…
An overview of the application of cavitation phenomenon for the intensification of chemical/physical processing applications has been presented here, discussing the causes for the observed enhancement and highlighting some of the typical examples. The important considerations required for efficient scale-up of the cav…