Materials Literature
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This papers deals with overall phase transformation kinetics. The Fokker-Planck type equation is derived from the generalized nucleation theory proposed by Binder and Stauffer. Existence of the steady state solution is shown by a method based on the mean value theorem of differential calculus. From the analysis of asy…
Surfaces of surfactant-templated polyacrylamide hydrogels were imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the surface morphology was studied by numerical scaling analysis. The templated gels were formed by polymerizing acrylamide plus a cross-linker in the presence of surfactants, which were then removed by soaking…
The surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) of adenine and three deuterated analogues adsorbed on colloids, electrochemically roughened electrodes, and vacuum deposited island films of silver have been investigated. All normal Raman and SERS bands were assigned to normal modes on the basis of density functional theory (…
The influence of quenched disorder on the competition between ordered states separated by a first-order transition is investigated. A phase diagram with features resembling quantum-critical behavior is observed, even using classical models. The low-temperature paramagnetic regime consists of coexisting ordered cluster…
Magnetization and magnetoresistance were measured in A-type antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.45}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.55}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ utilizing pulsed magnetic fields up to 45 T. We have observed a ferromagnetic transition accompanied by a discontinuous decrease of resistivity. The temperature dependence of the res…
Abstract Syntheses of copolymers composed of optically active depsipeptides (3,6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐morphorinedione) and L ‐lactide—poly( L ‐3, L ‐6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐morphorinedione‐ co ‐ L ‐lactide), poly( L ‐3, DL ‐6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐morphorinedione‐ co ‐ L ‐lactide), and poly( L ‐3, D ‐6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐morphorinedione‐ co ‐ L ‐lac…
Abstract Nlon 6 fibers were zone drawn and zone annealed by using a continuous wave carbon dioxide laser to develop their mechanical properties. A laser‐heating zone drawing was carried out under a applied tension of 35.4 MPa at a power density of 9.65 W · cm −2 , and then the zone‐drawn fiber was annealed. A laser‐he…
Abstract The thermal stability of the heterogeneous nucleation effect of polypropylene (PP) nucleated with an organic phosphate (A) and two kinds of sorbitol derivatives (B and D) was investigated by DSC multiscanning. For pure PP, the peak temperature of crystallization ( T ) was little changed with an increasing num…
Nine crystal structures of free-base 5,15-diarylporphyrin derivatives are reported, and systematic analysis is made of the molecular conformations and intermolecular interactions in these and other comparable structures. In all cases, the porphyrins show minimal out-of-plane distortion in the solid state, but signific…
End product application is an important consideration when evaluating a material in an in vivo setting (Didisheim, Cardiovasc Pathol 1993;2:1S-2S). Small animal models allow high through-put evaluation of biocompatability. Previous preclinical evaluations have often used a rat subcutaneous model for the characterizati…
Abstract The P(O)‐H in 9,10‐dihydro‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) was used as an active group to react with the carbonyl group in 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) to result a novel phosphorous‐containing biphenol compound (DOPO‐2OH). Phosphorous‐containing epoxy resins were therefore obtained from react…
Abstract Permanent surface modification of polypropylene and high‐density polyethylene was obtained by blending with small (0.1 to 5.0% by weight) amounts of silicone copolymers. A triblock polycaprolactone‐ b ‐polydimethylsiloxane copolymer and a multiblock polydimethylsiloxane–urea copolymer were used as modifiers.…
Abstract 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy of a series of 1‐vinyl‐2‐(2′‐heteroaryl)‐pyrroles were employed for the analysis of their electronic and spatial structure. The C—H···N intramolecular interaction between the α‐hydrogen of the vinyl group and the pyridine nitrogen, a kind of hydrogen bonding, was detected in 1‐vi…
Abstract In the presence of anhydrous ferric chloride as a Friedel–Crafts catalyst, the postcrosslinking reaction of macroporous styrene–divinylbenzene (St–DVB) copolymers synthesized under different conditions was carried out with 1,2‐dichloroethane as a solvent. Without an externally added crosslinking agent, the sp…
To facilitate tissue integration with biomaterials proteins and peptides frequently are immobilized on the biomaterial surface. In particular, extracellular matrix proteins--which interact specifically with integrin adhesion receptors on the cell surface--can stimulate initial cell attachment by serving both as a liga…
Photochromism of indolinospironaphthooxazine (SNO) microcrystalline powder was investigated by steady state and time-resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using a femtosecond laser as a light source. When laser intensity is weak, the photoinduced ring-opening reaction in a picosecond time region and subsequent the…
The degradation of phthalic acid esters in an aqueous solution by sonochemical action was performed at an ultrasonic frequency of 200 kHz. The sonochemical degradation of phthalic acid esters followed pseudo first-order kinetics. The OH radical reaction was found to be a predominant factor of the degradation of diethy…
The reaction of methylviologen iodide with crystalline V2O5 in the molar ratio of 1 to 3.8 at 100 degrees C in water led to the formation of (MV)0.25V2O5 in quantitative yield. The structure of this organic-inorganic multilayered hybrid compound was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Strong van der Wa…
Heat capacity of the halogen-bridged mixed-valence complex Pt 2 (dta) 4 I (dta = CH 3 CS 2 - ) has been measured in the temperature region between 6 and 386 K. The complex exhibited a phase transition of order−disorder type at T trs = 373.4 K, from being arranged in an ordered helical form of four dta ligand planes ar…
For a given group-subgroup transition, the complete set of order parameters, primary and secondary, describe the distortions that accompany this transition. The task of obtaining all order-parametric distortions for a group-subgroup pair is a long standing problem. An algorithm is presented here which obtains the irre…