Materials Literature
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A three-dimensional Landau-Ginzburg model has been constructed to describe the tetragonal twin structures resulting from a first-order ${\mathit{O}}_{\mathit{h}\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$${\mathit{C}}_{4\mathit{v}}$ proper ferroelectric phase transition in perovskites. The model takes into account the nonlinear and nonl…
Abstract This review examines some recent developments in the field of reactive compatibilization of polymer blends by melt processing in extruders and intensive batch mixers. Three routes to reactive compatibilization are considered, namely, the use of suitably functionalized blend constituents, the incorporation of…
A new class of materials is proposed to improve the electrocatalytic activity of hydride forming intermetallic compounds of the AB 5 ‐type without making use of highly electrocatalytic precious metals like Pd or Pt. These materials, denoted as AB 5.5 , consist of two different crystallographic phases: the bulk phase,…
By combining Auger data on the width of an oxygen depletion layer near the Pt electrodes with a modified Langmuir–Child law for the leakage current: I(V) = aV + bV2, we deduce parameters related to the space-charge density and field in 210-nm-thick PbZr1−xTixO3 memories. The results are compared with the space charge…
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It is suggested that in many ferromagnetic materials there may occur particles distinct in magnetic character from the general matrix, and below the critical size, depending on shape, for which domain boundary formation is energetically possible. For such single-domain particles, change of magnetization can take place…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical x-ray absorption fine structure standardsJ. J. Rehr, J. Mustre de Leon, S. I. Zabinsky, and R. C. AlbersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 14, 5135–5140Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 Jul…
It is proposed that permanent magnets can be made of composite materials consisting of two suitably dispersed ferromagnetic and mutually exchange-coupled phases, one of which is hard magnetic in order to provide a high coercive field, while the other may be soft magnetic, just providing a high saturation J/sub s/, and…
Bond-length and bond-angle parameters are derived from a statistical survey of X-ray structures of small compounds from the Cambridge Structural Database. The side chains of the common amino acids and the polypeptide backbone were represented by appropriate chemical fragments taken from the Database. Average bond leng…
Sensitization of the Nd 3+ ion luminescence by Sn (II) oxygen complexes in glasses was observed and investigated. It was established that excitation was transferred to the rare-earth activator from singlet and triplet states of the sensitizer and the maximum efficiency of this process was achieved at low sensitizer co…
A widely held view in solid-state physics is that disorder precludes the presence of long-range transport in one dimension. A series of models has been recently proposed that do not conform to this view. The primary model is the random dimer model, in which the site energies for pairs of lattice sites along a linear c…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
The effect of light doping on the phase transition to the ferroelectric state in BaTiO 3 has been studied using synchrotron radiation at Daresbury Laboratory, UK. The results indicate that the presence of dilute impurities, which turn BaTiO 3 from a wide band-gap intrinsic semiconductor into an extrinsic n-type semico…
We present an electrically controlled bistable surface switching for nematic liquid crystals, in cells with the usual display geometry. The surface bistability is controlled by means of an electrochiral effect, by doping a nematic with chiral ions. The alternate transient commutation between the two surface states is…
Ferroelectric lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) thin films have been deposited by excimer laser ablation on sapphire substrates with and without an electrode. In preparation for the films, O2 gas pressure has greatly influenced the film structure and morphology. For the first time, we have confirmed the ferroelectric prop…
Abstract Cotton cellulose with different % NaOH treatments (mercerized), graft copolymers of cellulose prepared with vinyl acetate (VA) and methyl acrylate (MA) and Ce (IV) ions as initiator, and some blends of cellulose–copolymer PVA–PMA were submitted to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis in nitrogen a…
A new bistable liquid crystal display is described that uses a nematic phase in which solid particles are dispersed. The display effects rely on direct static light scattering so that no polarisers are required. A two-frequency addressing scheme provides, in principle, a method for electrical control.
The structures of four isomorphous crystals of ternary complexes of chicken heart citrate synthase with D- or L-malate and acetyl coenzyme A or carboxymethyl coenzyme A have been determined by X-ray crystallography and fully refined at 1.9-A resolution. The structures show that both L-malate and D-malate bind in a ver…
Scanning tunneling microscopy has been used to characterize the effects of Nm impurities on the incommensurate charge-density-wave (CDW) phase in 1T-${\mathrm{TaS}}_{2}$. Real- and reciprocal-space data indicate that disorder in the CDW is due to dislocations and small random rotations of the CDW. The dislocations des…