Materials Literature
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Introduction The antifoam effect Foams appear as an integral part of various technological applications, such as ore and mineral flotation, tertiary oil recovery, production of porous insulating materials, fire fighting and many others. Foams are also encountered in certain types of consumer products, e.g. the mousses…
A new strategy has been successfully designed to synthesize curved ammonium copper molybdate [(NH(4))(2)Cu(MoO(4))(2)] nanoflakes on a copper surface by employing a novel solution-phase approach at room temperature. This method consists of a liquid-solid reaction between Na(2)MoO(4) solution and the copper substrate i…
A clear understanding of the pathological mechanism of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) 1-42, a currently unexplained process, would be of great significance for the discovery of novel drug targets for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy. To date, though, the elucidation of these Abeta1-42 dynamic events has been a difficult…
Time-resolved in situ video monitoring and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in combination with X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) have been used for the first time in a combined manner to study the effect of synchrotron radiation on a series of homogeneous aqueous copper solutions in a microreactor. This…
Enzymatic systems that exploit pericyclic reaction mechanisms are rare. A recent addition to this class is the enzyme PchB, an 11.4-kDa isochorismate pyruvate lyase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The apo and pyruvate-bound structures of PchB reveal that the enzyme is a structural homologue of chorismate mutases in the A…
Introduction An emulsion is a system of dispersed droplets of one immiscible liquid in another. Simple emulsions are either oil-in-water (o/w) or water-in-oil (w/o). Emulsions can be defined as colloidal systems, although emulsion droplets are usually larger than the range specified for a colloidal system, i.e. diamet…
We present results from first-principles calculations of ternary transition metal carbides in the ${M}_{3}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{C}}_{2}$ series (where $M=\text{early}$ transition metal). We predict structural and mechanical properties of these new ${M}_{\mathrm{N}+1}A{X}_{\mathrm{N}}$ phases. The bulk modulus of the ter…
We perform extensive Potts model simulations of three-dimensional dry foam coarsening. Starting with 2.25 million bubbles, we have enough statistics to fulfill the three constraints required for the study of statistical scale invariance: first, enough time for the transient to end and reach the scaling state; then, en…
The structural and energetic properties of the $\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{Te}∕\mathrm{Cd}\mathrm{Te}(100)$, (110), and (111) interfaces are investigated using an ab initio pseudopotential method within a slab approximation. A scheme is proposed to calculate interface energies for polar faces with a resulting dipole moment. T…
The worm turns: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are encapsulated within predesigned, wormlike, hollow silica capsules (see image). The preparation strategy comprises a two-step process; silica coating of the CNTs is followed by selective dissolution from the inside out. The silica coating involves the initial deposition of a…
Reduction of interior noise in modern automobiles is an important issue in the automobile industry. Textiles are one solution, as they can provide passive sound absorption in upholstery, headliners and other interior parts. Nonwovens have also been used, but they have a lesser aesthetic appearance and drapability comp…
The results of a detailed theoretical investigation of the phase behavior of A m - b -(B- b -A) n multiblock copolymer melts are presented for the special case of m = 20 and n = 10. The presence of two strongly different molecular length scales results in the formation of a large-length-scale lamellar structure of alt…
A racemic liquid of opposite enantiomers usually crystallizes as a racemic compound (racemate), rarely as a conglomerate, and even more rarely as a solid solution. We discovered a Type II solid solution (mixed crystal) of the enantiomers of the chiral drug tazofelone (TZF) by seeding its racemic liquid with enantiomer…
Hexagonal boron nitride ($h$-$\mathrm{BN}$) monolayer adsorption on the $\mathrm{Ni}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(111)$ surface has been studied within the framework of both the local density (LDA) and generalized gradient approximations (GGA) of density functional theory. Experimental results for the nature of the adso…
Surface topography and work function maps were simultaneously obtained for Pt-evaporated titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) surfaces by using a Kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM). Platinum clusters with diameters of 2-3 nm and heights of 0.2-0.4 nm were obtained on rutile TiO(2)(110)-(1 x 1) surfaces. The work function on th…
Eight samples with nominal stoichiometry Ba 8 Cu 6 - x Ge 40+ x, x = 0−0.7, have been synthesized with a new method involving Ba 6 Ge 25 as an intermediate step. The new route provides fine control of the Cu:Ge ratio and allows systematic studies of the changes in the transport properties as a function of x . Resistiv…
Deposition of silver nanoparticles directly onto a Rhodamine Red monolayer covalently bound to glass is found to increase the photoluminescence by as much as 20 times depending on excitation wavelength and nanoparticle density. At the same time, the excited state lifetime is reduced by more than a factor of 2, the flu…
Studies on MnAs, and in particular of its magnetostructural phase transition, have a long history. As a promising material for ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrid structures with new challenges for solid state physics and electronic engineering, MnAs thin films recently came again into the focus of interest. This review…
Lichtgetriebene metallorganische Katalyse: Intramolekularer Photoelektronentransfer im Heterodimetallkomplex 1 ermöglicht die photokatalytische Produktion von Wasserstoff und die selektive Hydrierung von Tolan zu cis-Stilben (siehe Schema). Das {(4,4-di-tert-butyl-2,2-bipyridin)2Ru}-Fragment wirkt dabei als photoaktiv…
We report on the nanoscale structure and solvent-induced phase behavior of two, nearly similar π-conjugated hairy-rod polymers, branched side chain poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene-2,7-diyl] (PF2/6) and linear side chain poly[9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl] (PFO or PF8), in good and bad (or poor) solvents deuterated t…