Materials Literature
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Sputter deposition of thin films using Xe gas instead of Ar is believed to suppress damage to the films caused by ion bombardment. To investigate the effects of Xe on ionic species in the rf plasma, and on the growth of ZnO thin films, rf plasmas generated using Xe and Ar sputtering gases were analyzed using Langmuir…
Single fluorescent molecules (represented by spheres with a volume equal to the actual van der Waals volume of the molecule) has been embedded in a polystyrene matrix (left). Such molecules act as probes for the study of polymer nanoscale (segmental scale) dynamics in thin films deposited on a glass cover slide (right…
The morphology and thermal properties have been investigated in laponite/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) clay/homopolymer and laponite/poly(ethylene oxide- b -isoprene) (PEO−PI) clay/block copolymer nanocomposites using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and differ…
We have carried out a systematic study of optical emission in Er doped silica glass materials with different codopants. The stimulated emission cross-sections of these materials have been calculated. The wavelength dependence of emission of these materials has been studied. The different spectral shapes and hence broa…
Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) O 3 - PbTiO 3 (PZN-PT) ferroelectric single crystals with rhombohedral symmetry demonstrate a wide variety of anisotropic behavior under both unipolar and bipolar electrical switching. Specifically, PZN-4.5%PT crystals demonstrate exceptional polarization switching fatigue resistance along [001]C (C…
The erasure rate of recorded amorphous marks in nanometers thick SbTe-alloy layers is studied as a function of layer thickness. We point out the presence of an optimum layer thickness where the crystallization speed is maximized. Analysis of the Gibbs free energy of a crystallite embedded in a thin amorphous film indi…
Introduction The glass transition in noncrystalline polymers under ordinary experimental conditions occurs on cooling when the characteristic time of molecular motions responsible for structural rearrangements becomes longer than the timescale of the experiment. As a result, structural relaxation toward equilibrium is…
Abstract Natural fibers are rich in cellulose and they are a cheap, easily renewable source of fibers with the potential for polymer reinforcement. The presence of large amounts of hydroxyl groups makes natural fibers less attractive for reinforcement of polymeric materials. Composites made from polystyrene (PS)/styre…
Abstract The fabrication of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)/organoclay nanocomposite was conducted via a stepwise mixing process with poly(styrene‐ co ‐vinyloxazolin) (OPS), that is, melt intercalation of OPS into organoclay followed by blending with sPS. The microstructure of nanocomposite mainly depended on the arran…
Conductive and highly transparent fluorine-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:F) thin films were deposited onto glass substrates by the chemical spray technique, using zinc acetate and hydrofluoric acid as precursors. Electrical, structural, morphological and optical characteristics were analyzed as a function of the ageing-time o…
The electrical transport properties of fluorine-doped tin oxide thin films prepared by a sol–gel dip-coating technique have been studied in detail. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the crystalline nature of the films having a grain size in the nanometer range. The fluorine concentration in the films was varied from…
Abstract Star‐shaped and linear block thermoplastic poly(styrene‐ b ‐butadiene) copolymer (SBS)/organophilic montmorillonite clays (OMMT) were prepared by a solution approach. The intercalation spacing in the nanocomposites and the degree of dispersion of nanocomposites were investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and…
The propagation of magneto-inductive waves in a one-dimensional array of “swiss roll” metamaterial has been studied. It was found that long-range interactions over the whole of the array must be included to describe the excitations accurately. Using the dispersion relations deduced from experimental data on pairs of e…
Polycrystalline Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 (BNdT) ferroelectric thin films were deposited on platinized Si substrates by chemical solution deposition. Dense and uniform BNdT films with pure Bi-layered perovskite structure were achieved by rapid thermal annealing the spin-on films at 700 °C for 3 min. Well-saturated hysteresis…
We studied the effects of La modification on the crystal structure and the ferroelectric polarization properties of SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT). The Rietveld refinement of neutron powder diffraction demonstrated that La3+ substitution, preferentially at the Sr2+ site (perovskite A site), resulted in A-site vacancies for charge c…
A resonant microwave cavity operating in the TM010 mode was used to determine the microwave susceptibility of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) that are blended in polymer matricies. The frequencies of the probe signal were 9.8, 11.4, and 35.93 GHz. Samples of 3%–19% blends of SWNT in polycarbonate were tested to…
Susceptibility, specific heat, and muon spin rotation measurements on high-quality single crystals of ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.82}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$ have revealed bulk antiferromagnetism with N\'eel temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}=19.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1\mathrm{K}$ and an ordered moment perpendicular to the ${\mat…
Abstract Polydisperse 1,1,1,3,5,5,5‐heptamethyltrisiloxane‐oligo(propylene oxide‐ block ‐ethylene oxide) wetting agents were synthesized through the hydrosilylation of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5‐heptamethyltrisiloxane (HMTS) with active hydrogen and allyl oligo(propylene oxide‐ block ‐ethylene oxide) [allyl oligo(PO‐ b ‐EO)] with…
Surface modification of fine alumina powders (60 μm) by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at atmospheric pressure was carried out in a circulating fluidized bed reactor (18 mm i.d. by 1 m height). A stable glow discharge under atmospheric pressure can be attained successfully at a source frequency of 1…
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