Materials Literature
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Static and molecular dynamics simulations have been used with different types of interatomic potentials to investigate the structure, properties and stability of self-interstitial atom (SIA) clusters produced during irradiation. In α-iron (Fe), faulted clusters of <110> dumbbells are unstable for all the potentials. T…
Proline residues are known to perturb the structure of helices by introducing a kink between the segments preceding and following the proline residue. The distortion of the helical structure results from the avoided steric clash between the ring of the proline at position (i) and the backbone carbonyl at position (i -…
X-ray radiation damage of a lysozyme single crystal by an intense monochromatic beam from a third-generation radiation source at the Advanced Photon Source has been studied. The results show that primary radiation damage is linearly dependent on the X-ray dose even when the crystal is at cryogenic temperatures. The ex…
Diamond is an exceptionally radiation-hard material, but the main mechanisms by which lattice damage results from irradiation of high-energy particles and photons are not well understood. Models of radiation damage in diamond have been built up for both electron and gamma irradiation using Monte Carlo computer simulat…
The electronic structure of carbon nitride $({\mathrm{CN}}_{x})$ film produced by low-energy ion implantation has been studied by N 1s near-edge x-ray-absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). The NEXAFS spectra of ${\mathrm{CN}}_{x}$ film have shown three sharp ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ and one broad ${\ma…
The effects of Mo and Pd segregation on the cohesion of the Fe $\ensuremath{\Sigma}3(111)$ grain boundary are investigated by using the first-principles full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave total-energy--atomic-force method with the generalized gradient approximation. Based on the Rice-Wang model, our total…
An ultrafast response of a silver nanoparticle system, as fast as 360 fs, was observed in a femtosecond optical-Kerr-shutter experiment. The ultrafast response is attributed to a self-diffraction of a pump pulse due to transient grating. We estimated χ (3) of the silver nanoparticle system to be 1.5 × 10 -7 esu in the…
There is increasing evidence that entropy can induce microphase separation in binary fluid mixtures interacting through hard particle potentials. One such phase consists of alternating two-dimensional liquidlike layers of rods and spheres. We study the transition from a uniform miscible state to this ordered state usi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTManganese Oxide Thin Films with Fast Ion-Exchange PropertiesOscar Giraldo, Stephanie L. Brock, William S. Willis, Manuel Marquez, Steven L. Suib, and Stanton ChingView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60 55 North Eagleville Rd.,…
Rietveld quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of the fly ash Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technologies was performed. A rutile ( TiO 2 ) internal standard was used to enable quantitation of the glass content, which ranged from 65% to 78% by weight. The GSAS R…
An effective way to design well-fitting products is to analyse human body forms and to classify them into several groups. In the present study, a new method is proposed to analyse human body forms using the FFD (Free Form Deformation) technique. The FFD method is a way to deform the shapes of object smoothly by moving…
We have found giant negative magnetoresistance in the one-dimensional conductor $\mathrm{TPP}[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{Pc})(\mathrm{CN}{)}_{2}{]}_{2}$ below 50 K. The reduction of the resistance is larger in the field perpendicular to the one-dimensional axis than parallel to the axis. The magnetic susceptibility shows ani…
Synthetic polymers and co-polymers are described, to be used as carriers of reporter groups for gamma-, magnetic resonance (MR), and computed tomography (CT) imaging. Those compounds include polychelating and amphiphilic polymers and serve as key components of various contrast agents. Single terminus-activated polyche…
Attaching branched alkyl chains directly to the phenyl ring of substituent R in hexaalkynylbenzene (see picture) proved to be the key in the synthesis of the first room-temperature discotic nematic liquid crystals. A liquid crystal device having discotic nematic liquid crystals shows advantages over conventional devic…
The site preference and magnetic properties of Zn-Zr substituted BaM ferrite ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{12\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{x/2}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{x/2}{\mathrm{O}}_{19}$ nanoparticles with $x=0--1.6$ have been studied using M\"ossbauer spectra and magnetic measurement. The results show that the magnetizations and magn…
We report observations of acoustoelectric effects in carbon nanotubes. We excite sound in &mgr;m long ropes of single walled carbon nanotubes suspended between two metallic contacts by applying radio-frequency electric field. The sound is detected by measuring either the dc resistance of the tubes in a region of stron…
Microsatellite markers were developed to examine the genetic diversity of field populations of the centric diatom Ditylum brightwellii . Polymerase chain reaction amplification of two dinucleotide microsatellite loci using DNA extracted from single cell isolates was sensitive enough to identify genetically distinct cl…
Hybrid materials have found widespread applications in recent years and are one example for the bottom-up approach to nanotechnology: materials and phases are generated by physical or chemical means from precursor compounds forming nanoscale or nanocomposite materials. This review describes basic principles and severa…
Dense CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 (CBT) ceramics with a unique texture were prepared by the reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) method using an extrusion technique. Plate-like Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BIT) particles, a reactive template for CBT, were mixed with other oxide and carbonate powders and unidirectionally aligned by extrusio…
We have developed a new class of metal-loaded nanoparticles that have potential as contrast agents for medical imaging. These polymeric materials have a core−shell morphology where the interior is a functionalized polymer, that provides high affinity for a specific metal, and the shell consists of a porous hydrophobic…