Materials Literature
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A first-principles-derived approach is used to study structural, piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Pb(Zr_{1-x}Ti_{x})O_{3} (PZT) solid solutions near the morphotropic phase boundary at low temperature. Three ferroelectric phases are found to exist: a tetragonal phase for larger x compositions, a rhombohedral…
The melt-state linear and nonlinear shear rheological properties of hybrid materials of polypropylene and amine-exchanged montmorillonite were studied. The materials were prepared by melt mixing with maleic anhydride functionalized polypropylene as the compatibilizer. The clay interlayer spacing (as determined by wide…
Abstract Production chemicals being discharged into the natural environment are increasingly becoming scrutinized for their impact on the environment. New and existing chemicals for scale and corrosion control are likely to be impacted by the developing legislation and regulatory control. Therefore, there exists an ur…
This is the first report on the oxidative polymerization of indene using cobalt(II) tetraphenyl porphyrin pyridine [Co(II)TPP(Py)] complex, which led to the formation of poly(indene peroxide), PINDP, having narrow polydispersity. The polymerization was carried out at room temperature and low oxygen pressure. The dual…
A unique phase transition between the state of “two macrophase-separated disordered phases” at higher temperatures and that of “a single phase with only a local order” at lower temperatures was observed in a binary mixture of polystyrene (PS)- block -polyisoprene (PI) copolymers by using small-angle X-ray scattering,…
We report the results of the electrical switching and thermal studies performed on the bulk ${\mathrm{Al}}_{20}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{80\ensuremath{-}x}$ chalcogenide glasses which are a sequel to similar experiments on the ${\mathrm{Al}}_{20}{\mathrm{As}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{80\ensuremath{-}x}$ glasses to asce…
The vapor pressures and vapor molecular weights of the copper and yttrium β-diketonate MOCVD precursors Cu(C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 2 (c) and Y(C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 3 (c) were measured by a torsion-effusion/mass-loss method in the ranges (346 to 375) K and (361 to 387) K, respectively. The molecular weight data indicate that the sa…
A series of linear rod−coil multiblock oligomers of the (rod−coil) n type ( n = 1, 2, 3, 13) consisting of a rigid rod segment made up of three biphenyls connected though methylene ether linkages and a poly(propylene oxide) with degree of polymerization of 13 as a coil segment were prepared, and their thermal behavior…
Nanostructured vanadium-hydrides, ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{VH}}_{x},$ with typical grain sizes of 80 nm $(x=0.82),$ 30 nm $(x=0.73),$ and 10 nm $(x=0.67)$ were prepared by mechanical milling under hydrogen atmosphere. The final grain size, about 10 nm, does not change any more with increasing mi…
Single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) from noble gases in water is studied theoretically in order to clarify the reason of the distinguished feature that the luminescence is strong for all noble gases, while the other systems of cavitation luminescence are greatly enhanced by the presence of the heavy noble gas(xenon)…
The flagelliform silk protein underlies the unique elastomeric properties displayed by the capture spiral of arachnid webs. To investigate molecular mechanism underlying the elastomeric recovery of the capture spiral, a model polypeptide based upon the elastomeric repeat sequence of Nephila clavipes flagelliform silk…
First-principles total-energy calculations on the tetragonal states of bulk elemental copper have been made with a full-potential electronic structure program with both the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The unique path through tetragonal states produced by epitaxia…
[structure: see text]. The epoxidation of (E)-beta-methylstyrene mediated by an oxochromium salen complex yields the epoxide in 92% ee in stoichiometric mode, the highest ee yet reported for a metal-mediated epoxidation of an (E)-alkene. The effect of added donor ligands, previously substantial, has reached a ceiling…
Abstract Scales are minerals that form on a surface due to the saturation of the local environment with an inorganic salt. The major categories of scales are: carbonates (Ca, Mg, Fe(II)), sulfates (Ca, Ba, Sr, Ra), oxides and hydroxides (Fe(II), Fe(III), Mg), sulfides (Fe(II) and Zn) and silicates (Ca, Mg, Al and Na).…
In this work, the aggregation of microgel particles has been investigated, paying special attention to the structure of the clusters formed in the process. In particular, the aggregates' fractal dimension was determined by static light scattering. The results indicate that the aggregates are more compact than expected…
Reaction mechanisms between titanium, tantalum, and niobium ethoxides and deuterated water in the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO 2, Ta 2 O 5, and Nb 2 O 5 were studied with a mass spectrometer. The amounts of the reaction product CH 3 CH 2 OD + ( m / z = 47) and its main fragment CH 2 OD + ( m / z = 32) increase…
The valence states of the nucleogenic (57)Fe arising from the nuclear disintegration of radioactive (57)Co by electron capture decay, (57)Co(EC)(57)Fe, have been studied by Mössbauer emission spectroscopy (MES) in the (57)Co-labeled systems: [(57)Co/Co(terpy)(2)]Cl(2).5H(2)O (1), [(57)Co/Co(terpy)(2)](ClO(4))(2).(1)/(…
We present a detailed comparison between experimental adsorption measurements and the excess adsorption predicted by the Ono−Kondo lattice model. The study was performed for high-pressure adsorption of hydrogen above the critical point on microporous adsorbents. The experimental adsorption isotherms of hydrogen on the…
We discuss the stress relaxation in a uniaxially strained solid due to the coarsening of a system of parallel cracks. We emphasize similarities and differences of this process to Ostwald ripening in a first order phase transition. A conventional mean-field approximation breaks down and several independent length scale…
The microscopic dynamics of the fragile glass-forming liquid ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{K}}_{0.6}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}}_{3}{)}_{1.4}$ is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation with a polarizable model. Polarization effects are included within a fluctuating partial charges approach for the nitrate ion. Single…