Materials Literature
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We demonstrate controllable shift of the threshold voltage and the turn-on voltage in pentacene thin film transistors and rubrene single crystal field effect transistors (FET) by the use of nine organosilanes with different functional groups. Prior to depositing the organic semiconductors, the organosilanes were appli…
We report on the magnetic and magnetotransport properties of ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As modified by Ga$^{+}$ ion irradiation using focused ion beam. A marked reduction in the conductivity and the Curie temperature is induced after the irradiation. Furthermore, an enhanced negative magnetoresistance (MR) and…
The simulations of field-evaporation processes for surface atoms on W(011) and Mo(011) surfaces are implemented using first-principles calculations based on the real-space finite-difference method. The threshold values of the external electric field for evaporation of the surface atoms, which are $\sim$ 6 V/Å2mm for t…
The coupling between a current and a domain wall is examined. In the presence of a finite current and the absence of a potential which breaks the translational symmetry, there is a perfect transfer of angular momentum from the conduction electrons to the wall. As a result, the ground state is in uniform motion. This r…
We have measured thermoelectric power (TEP) as a function of hole concentration per CuO2 layer, Ppl, in Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O6 (Ppl = x/2) with no oxygen in the Cu-O chain layer. The room-temperature TEP as a function of Ppl, S290(Ppl), of Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O6 behaves identically to that of La2-zSrzCuO4 (Ppl = z). We argue that S…
Spectral ellipsometry is used to determine the dielectric function of an untwinned crystal of ${\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ in the range 0.5--5.6 eV at temperatures $50\ensuremath{\le}T\ensuremath{\le}300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{K}$. A pronounced redistribution of spectral weight is found a…
The effect of surfactants on wetting behavior of super-hydrophobic surfaces was investigated. Super-hydrophobic surfaces were prepared of alkylketene dimer (AKD) by casting the AKD melt in a specially designed mold. Time-dependent studies were carried out, using the axisymmetric drop shape analysis method for contact…
The neologism nanotechnology exists today and is attracting a considerable amount of interest and activity. It is complex in nature with multiple ramifications. It has a vast scope and in fact includes older as well as newer concepts. At this point in time, a greater focus on the field status and impact on new materia…
Carbonated hydroxylapatite (C-OHAp) and carbonate apatite (CAp; x ≥ 0.5) in the composition series Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6-y [(CO 3 ) x+(3/2)y (OH) 2-2x ], x = 0.0-0.7, y = 0.0-0.6, have been synthesized at 2-4 GPa, and studied by FTIR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three structural locations for the carbo…
Transparent Ag nanowire arrays embedded in anodic alumina membranes were prepared by a template-based approach combined with ac electrodeposition and subsequent etching of substrate. The optical response of the structure could be attributed to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag nanowires. When the incident light wa…
Historically the role of eddy currents in the motion of Bloch walls has been extensively studied. In contrast the direct interaction of currents with such a moving wall has received very little attention. However recently it has been shown that a wall can be displaced by the effects of a current alone, a fact which is…
We consider the nucleation process associated with capillary condensation of a vapor in a hydrophobic cylindrical pore (capillary evaporation). The liquid-vapor transition is described within the framework of a simple lattice model. The phase properties are characterized both at the mean-field level and using Monte-Ca…
ABSTRACT Calcium phosphates and calcium carbonates are among the most prevalent minerals involved in microbial fossilization. Characterization of both the organic and mineral components in biomineralized samples is, however, usually difficult at the appropriate spatial resolution (i.e. at the submicrometer scale). Sca…
Formation of oil-water emulsions during bacterial growth on hydrocarbons is often attributed to biosurfactants. Here we report the ability of certain intact bacterial cells to stabilize oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions without changing the interfacial tension, by inhibition of droplet coalescence as observed in…
Crystal structure and thermal properties of La 1− x Sr x FeO 3−δ ( x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.75) have been studied by high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction and thermal analysis in air and nitrogen ( p (O 2 ) ∼ 10 −3 atm) atmosphere. The first‐order phase transition from orthorhombic‐to‐rhombohedral La 1− x Sr x Fe…
Nanostructured materials are attracting increased interest and applications. Exciting perspectives may be offered by electrical insulation. Polymeric nanofilled materials may find new and/or upgraded applications in the electrical and electronic industry, replacing conventional insulation to provide improved performan…
The discovery of ‘fullerenes’ added a new dimension to the knowledge of carbon science1; and the subsequent discovery of ‘carbon nanotubes’ (CNTs, the elongated fullerene) added a new dimension to the knowledge of technology2;. Today, ‘nanotechnology’ is a hot topic attracting scientists, industrialists, journalists,…
Partial discharge (PD) degradation of polyamide both without nanoscale fillers (nanofillers) and with 2,4 and 5 wt% additions of nanofillers was investigated. Such materials were subjected to PDs using the IEC (b) electrodes for evaluation. Comparisons were made as to the surface roughness observed by scanning electro…
We study the collective behaviour of a close-packed monolayer of non-Brownian particles at a fluid-liquid interface. Such a particle raft forms a two-dimensional elastic solid and can support anisotropic stresses and strains, e.g. it buckles in uniaxial compression and cracks in tension. We characterise this solid in…
Thin films of ${M}_{n+1}A{X}_{n}$ layered compounds in the $\mathrm{Ti}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{C}$ system were deposited on $\mathrm{MgO}(111)$ and ${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(0001)$ substrates held at $900\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ using dc magnetron spu…