POLYMER-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES, PROCESSING, MANUFACTURING, AND APPLICATION: AN OVERVIEW
NRC publication: Yes
Materials Literature
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Chromium Poisoning of Perovskite Cathodes by the ODS Alloy Cr5Fe1Y[sub 2]O[sub 3] and the High Chromium Ferritic Steel Crofer22APU
Chromium Poisoning of Perovskite Cathodes by the ODS Alloy Cr5Fe1Y2O3 and the High Chromium Ferritic Steel Crofer22APU, Konysheva, E., Penkalla, H., Wessel, E., Mertens, J., Seeling, U., Singheiser, L., Hilpert, K.
Spider silk as archetypal protein elastomer
We present an overview of the physical properties of spider silks, and introduce a model designed to study the energy absorbed by the material as it stretches before breaking. Of particular interest are the inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds as well as the role of water in modifying the material properties of si…
Hybrid polymer/metal oxide solar cells based on ZnO columnar structures
We focus on the preparation of hybrid polymer/zinc oxide (ZnO) solar cells, in which the metal oxide consists of ZnO columnar structures grown perpendicularly on a flat, dense “backing” layer, as a means to provide a direct and ordered path for photogenerated electrons to the collecting electrode. We used scanning ele…
Thermal Interface Materials - A Review of the State of the Art
The past few decades have seen an escalation of power densities in electronic devices, and in particular in microprocessor chips. Together with the continuing trend of reduction in device dimensions this has led to dramatic increase in the thermal issues within electronic circuits. Thermal management is therefore beco…
Synthesis, surface functionalization, and properties of freestanding silicon nanocrystals
Freestanding silicon nanoparticles (FS-nc-Si) have intriguing chemical and optical properties. The present contribution outlines known synthetic methodologies and protocols for surface functionalization. Recent advancements in tailoring the photoluminescence properties of FS-nc-Si and future research directions will b…
H[sub 2]S Poisoning of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
The influence of fuel impurity on power generation characteristics of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been analyzed by measuring cell voltage at a constant current density, as a function of concentration, operational temperature, and fuel gas composition. Reversible cell voltage change was observed around , while f…
Pros and Cons of the Liposome Platform in Cancer Drug Targeting
Coating of liposomes with polyethylene-glycol (PEG) by incorporation in the liposome bilayer of PEG-derivatized lipids results in inhibition of liposome uptake by the reticulo-endothelial system and significant prolongation of liposome residence time in the blood stream. Parallel developments in drug loading technolog…
Hyperthermia mediated liposomal drug delivery
Drug delivery systems have been developed for cancer therapy in an attempt to increase the tumour drug concentration while limiting systemic exposure. Liposomes have achieved passive targeting of solid tumours through enhanced vascular permeability, which is greatly augmented by hyperthermia. However, anti-tumour effi…
Surface grafted polymer brushes as ideal building blocks for “smart” surfaces
Polymer brushes are assemblies of macromolecules chemically tethered at one end to a substrate. They provide an alternative to self-assembled monolayers because of the intrinsically large size of the building blocks and the ensuing entropic contribution to the film morphology. In this article, an overview of a number…
Physicochemical properties of collagen, gelatin and collagen hydrolysate derived from bovine limed split wastes
Collagen, gelatin and collagen hydrolysate were prepared from bovine limed split wastes by different preparative processes. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that the molecular weight distribution of collagen was very narrow (about 200 and 100kDa for β and a chains r…
Magnetothermal properties of molecule-based materials
We critically review recent results obtained by studying the low-temperature specific heat of some of the most popular molecule-based materials. After introducing the experimental techniques and basic theoretical framework needed for heat capacity determination and understanding, we report on the magnetothermal proper…
Green upconversion nanocrystals for DNA detection
By combining magnetic-field-assisted bioseparation and concentration technology with magnetite nanoparticles, novel green upconversion (UC) fluorescence nanocrystals (NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+) have been applied to the sensitive detection of DNA.
Contributions from radiation damping and surface scattering to the linewidth of the longitudinal plasmon band of gold nanorods: a single particle study
The scattering spectra of single gold nanorods with aspect ratios between 2 and 4 have been examined by dark field microscopy. The results show that the longitudinal plasmon resonance (electron oscillation along the long axis of the rod) broadens as the width of the rods decreases from 14 to 8 nm. This is attributed t…
Soft matter with soft particles
In this review we present a summary of recent progress achieved in examining the equilibrium and dynamical properties of concentrated solutions of two novel kinds of soft matter systems: and starburst molecules known as . The two systems share a host of interesting properties. The both consist of highly branched polym…
Polypyrrole Conducting Electroactive Polymers: Synthesis and Stability Studies
This paper deals with a fundamental review of preparation methods, characterizations, thermal and environmental stabilities and practical applications of polypyrrole (PPy) conducting electroactive polymers. In this article some of the most important factors affecting the electrical, electrochemical, thermal and enviro…
Safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable magnesium alloy stents in porcine coronary arteries
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of biobasorbable magnesium alloy stents in porcine coronary arteries. Bioabsorbable magnesium stents carry the potential to overcome the limitations posed by permanent metallic stents such as chronic inflammation, late stent thrombosis, prolonged antiplatelet th…
Absorption and scattering microscopy of single metal nanoparticles
Several recently developed detection techniques opened studies of individual metal nanoparticles (1-100 nm in diameter) in the optical far field. Eliminating averaging over the broad size and shape distributions produced by even the best of current synthesis methods, these studies hold great promise for gaining a deep…
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-Zn-Y Alloys with 14H Long Period Ordered Structure
The compositional dependence of mechanical properties and microstructural change of the extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloys has been investigated in the effort to develop a high strength Mg-Zn-Y alloy with long period ordered (LPO) structure. The extruded alloy Mg96Zn2Y2 exhibited a high yield strength of 390 MPa and elongation o…
Surface functionalisation of detonation diamond suitable for biological applications
Detonation diamond is a promising material for biological applications due to its biocompatibility and fluorescence from lattice defects. Here we report on the organic functionalisation method for small detonation diamond agglomerates. After surface homogenisation by reduction and grafting of a silane linker, amino ac…