Materials Literature
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We simulate cellular and dendritic growth in directional solidification in dilute binary alloys using a phase-field model solved with adaptive-mesh refinement. The spacing of primary branches is examined for a wide range of thermal gradients and alloy compositions and is found to undergo a maximum as a function of pul…
We present the first resonant x-ray reflectivity measurements from a liquid surface. The surface structure of the liquid Hg-Au alloy system just beyond the solubility limit of 0.14at% Au in Hg had previously been shown to exhibit a unique surface phase characterized by a low-density surface region with a complicated t…
Hydrogen-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:H) films were deposited by rf magnetron sputtering as transparent conductive films. The resistivity of ZnO:H film was significantly reduced by the addition of H2 in Ar during rf sputtering. The electrical resistivity of ZnO:H films reached 2×10−4Ωcm. The carrier concentration increased w…
Abstract Poly(ε‐caprolactone)/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared maintaining a constant inorganic content with three means: melt blending of poly(ε‐caprolactone) with natural or organomodified clays, in situ polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of organomodified clays, and initiation of ε‐caprola…
In this letter we demonstrate that with a different principle, BaTiO3 ceramics, so far considered as inferior piezoelectrics compared with Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), can show a large recoverable electrostrain. This principle utilizes a point-defect-mediated reversible domain switching mechanism, which can in theory generate 0…
Using the extended tight-binding model that allows bond lengths and angles to vary, the optical transition energies Eii in single-wall carbon nanotubes are calculated as a function of inverse tube diameter. After geometrical structure optimization, the 2n+m=constant family behavior observed in photoluminescence (PL) e…
Surface sensitive x-ray scattering techniques with atomic scale resolution are employed to investigate the microscopic structure of the surface of three classes of liquid binary alloys: (i) Surface segregation in partly miscible binary alloys as predicted by the Gibbs adsorption rule is investigated for Ga-In. The fir…
We present a general model study of surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering and fluorescence focusing on the interplay between electromagnetic effects and the molecular dynamics. Our model molecule is placed close to two Ag nanoparticles and has two electronic levels. A Franck-Condon mechanism provides electron-vib…
Two different rehydration procedures in the liquid or gas phase have been applied to reconstruct mixed oxides derived from calcined hydrotalcite-like materials to be used as catalysts for aldol condensation reactions. The as-synthesized hydrotalcite, its decomposition product, as well as the reconstructed solids upon…
Protonic-electronic mixed-conducting properties have been investigated for SrZr0.9−xY0.1RuxO3−α (x = 0.05 − 0.125) at elevated temperatures. Hydrogen permeation was actually observed with respect to the ambipolar diffusion, ensuring the ionic-electronic mixed conduction in the materials. The mixed-conducting mechanism…
We have observed multi-photon resonances in a system with a spin 3/2 irradiated simultaneously by a multiple pulse radiofrequency sequence and a low frequency field swept in the range 0-80 kHz. The used excitation scheme allowed us to measure the effective field of the radiofrequency sequence. A peculiarity of this sc…
Resonant x-ray reflectivity measurements from the surface of liquid Bi22In78 find only a modest surface Bi enhancement, with 35 atomic % Bi in the first atomic layer. This is in contrast to the Gibbs adsorption in all liquid alloys studied to date, which show surface segregation of a complete monolayer of the low surf…
We report an x-ray scattering study of the microscopic structure of the surface of a liquid alkali metal. The bulk liquid structure factor of the eutectic K67Na33 alloy is characteristic of an ideal mixture, and so shares the properties of an elemental liquid alkali metal. Analysis of off-specular diffuse scattering a…
The theory of spin diffusion is extended to the case of spin lattice relaxation and spin diffusion in an inhomogeneous field in spin systems with non-equidistant energy spectrum. Two coupled equations describing the mutual relaxation and the spin diffusion of the nuclear magnetization and dipolar energy were obtained…
Measurements of the surface x-ray scattering from several pure liquid metals (Hg, Ga, and In) and from three alloys (Ga-Bi, Bi-In, and K-Na) with different heteroatomic chemical interactions in the bulk phase are reviewed. Surface-induced layering is found for each elemental liquid metal. The surface structure of the…
A perturbation method is presented which can be applied to the description of a wide range of physical problems that deal with dynamics of dipolar coupled spins in solids. The method is based on expansion of the operator exponent in a perturbation series. As example of application the method, the multile-quantum coher…
Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been synthesized over Ni–MgO and Ni–Sm–Mg catalysts by decomposition of CH4 at 923 K. The addition of Sm into Ni–MgO catalyst promotes its catalytic activity and lifetime. The yield of CNTs obtained over the optimized Ni–Sm–Mg catalyst reaches 1260 wt % relative to the weight of t…
A thermochemical process based on the occurrence of self-propagating reactions that is able to convert asbestos fibers into harmless, nonfibrous species is proposed. Specifically, a mixture consisting of a waste (containing about 85 wt % of chrysotile), ferric oxide, and magnesium is able, once locally ignited by a th…
The force between two nanoscale colloidal particles dispersed in a solution of freely adsorbing Lennard-Jones homopolymer modifiers is calculated using the expanded grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation method. We investigate the effect of polymer chain length (N), nanoparticle diameter (sigma(c)), and colloid-polyme…
Abstract Tellurium fibers are first synthesized through the reduction of Na2TeO4 by hydrazine hydrate. The as-prepared tellurium fibers are used as templates for further reaction with aqueous AgNO3 solution to get Ag2Te fibers at room temperature.